ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2019
Examining Black-White Disparities Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Assisted Living Settings in 2014.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differences in patient access to and utilization of caregiving services: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Black-White Differences in Long-Term Services and Supports (LTSS) Deserts: Implications for Unmet Care Needs.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Differences in Staff-Resident Care Interactions by Nursing Home Racial Composition: a Preliminary Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Paid Care Services and Transitioning out of the Community Among Black and White Older Adults With Dementia.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Article
- Using Medicare Enrollment Data to Identify Beneficiaries in Assisted Living.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- State Medicaid Financing and Access to Large Assisted Living Settings for Medicare-Medicaid Dual-Eligibles.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2022Article
- Black-White Disparities in Moves to Assisted Living and Nursing Homes Among Older Medicare Beneficiaries.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2020Article
- Race Differences in Characteristics and Experiences of Black and White Caregivers of Older Americans.The Gerontologist · 2020Article
- Adapting Andersen's expanded behavioral model of health services use to include older adults receiving long-term services and supports.BMC geriatrics · 2020Article
- Sociodemographic Factors and Characteristics of Caregivers as Determinants of Skilled Nursing Facility Admissions When Modeled Jointly With Functional Limitations.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2019Article
- Racial Disparities in Medicaid Home and Community-Based Service Utilization among White, Black, and Hispanic Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: Implications of State Policy.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAssisted living (AL) provides housing and personal care to residents who need assistance with daily activities. Few studies have examined black-white disparities in larger (25 + beds) ALs; therefore, little is known about black residents, their prior residential settings, and how they compare to whites in AL. We examined racial differences among a national cohort of AL residents and how the racial variation among AL Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS) beneficiaries compared to differences among community-dwelling and nursing home cohorts. STUDY
designRetrospective cohort study.
participantsWe included (1) a prevalence sample of 442,018 white and black Medicare beneficiaries residing in large AL settings, (2) an incidence sample of new residents (n = 94,741), and (3) 10% random samples of Medicare FFS community-dwelling and nursing home beneficiaries in 2014. MEASURES: The Medicare Master Summary Beneficiary File was used to identify AL residents and provided demographic, entitlement, chronic condition, and health care utilization information. We used the American Community Survey and prior ZIP code tabulation areas of residents to examine differences in prior neighborhoods. Medicare claims and the Minimum Data Set yielded samples of Medicare FFS community-dwelling older adults and nursing home residents.
resultsBlacks were disproportionately represented in AL, younger, more likely to be Medicaid eligible, had higher levels of acuity, and more often lived in ALs with fewer whites and more duals. New black residents entered AL with higher rates of acute care hospitalizations and skilled nursing facility utilization. Across the 3 cohorts, blacks had higher rates of dual-eligibility.
conclusionsBlack-white differences observed among AL residents indicate a need for future work to examine how disparities manifest in differences in care received and residents' outcomes, as well as the pathways to AL. More research is needed to understand the implications of inequities in AL as they relate to quality and experiences of residents.
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