SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2019
Active Commuting and Multiple Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of active travel interventions in the UK on disadvantaged population groups and their potential to reduce health inequalities: systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between transport modes and site-specific cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Cycling with Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Active commuting and the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Protective Effect on Mortality of Active Commuting to Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions Aiming to Promote Active Commuting in Children and Adolescents: An Evaluation From a Sex/Gender Perspective.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of Commuter Cycling on Physical Activity, Cardiometabolic Health and Body Composition.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Promoting physical activity-related health competence to increase leisure-time physical activity and health-related quality of life in German private sector office workers.BMC public health · 2023Trial
- User Perception of a Smartphone App to Promote Physical Activity Through Active Transportation: Inductive Qualitative Content Analysis Within the Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Trial
- Effectiveness of a 3-Month Mobile Phone-Based Behavior Change Program on Active Transportation and Physical Activity in Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Trial
- Associations of Domain-Specific Physical Activity With Mental Health Symptoms Among Finnish Employed Adults: A Population-Based Study.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Health and environmental goals and behaviors: parallel and facilitating effects.Health psychology and behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Do South Korean adults have insufficient levels of physical activity? Domain patterns and associations with self-rated health.PloS one · 2026Article
- Tracking and Trajectory Analysis of Active Commuting from Childhood to Midlife.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025Article
- Recognizing Skateboard and Kickboard Commuting Behaviors Using Activity Trackers: Feasibility Study Using Machine Learning Approaches.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines: Impact on Chronic Kidney Disease Prevalence in Diabetic Individuals.Yonsei medical journal · 2025Article
- The effect of a School Street intervention on children's active travel, satisfaction with their street, and perception of road safety: a natural experimental evaluation.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The contribution of active transportation to population physical activity levels.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025Article
- Association of active commuting with incidence of depression and anxiety: prospective cohort study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Active transportation is associated with lower obesity risk: generalized structural equations model applied to physical activity.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundActive commuting is associated with greater physical activity, but there is no consensus on the actual beneficial effects of this type of physical activity on health outcomes.
objectiveTo examine the association between active commuting and risk of all-cause mortality, incidence and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes through meta-analysis.
methodsA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Transport Research International Documentation database, and reference lists of included articles was conducted. Only prospective cohort studies were included.
resultsTwenty-three prospective studies including 531,333 participants were included. Participants who engaged in active commuting had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality [relative risk (RR) 0.92, 95% CI 0.85-0.98] and cardiovascular disease incidence (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.83-0.99). There was no association between active commuting and cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer. Participants who engaged in active commuting had a 30% reduced risk of diabetes (RR 0.70; 95% CI 0.61-0.80) in three studies after removal of an outlying study that affected the heterogeneity of the results. Subgroup analyses suggested a significant risk reduction (- 24%) of all-cause mortality (RR 0.76; 95% CI 0.63-0.94) and cancer mortality (- 25%; RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59-0.895) among cycling commuters.
conclusionPeople who engaged in active commuting had a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
30446905What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.