ArticleNature communications2018
A majority of HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy is due to infected cell proliferation.
Article in Nature communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary HIV Infection: Effects on the Latent HIV Reservoir, Including on Analytic Treatment Interruptions.AIDS reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Longitudinal study reveals HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell dynamics during long-term antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Dynamics of HIV DNA reservoir seeding in a cohort of superinfected Kenyan women.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- HIV superinfection reveals sequential reservoir reactivation and immune-driven rebound dynamics.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Modeling quantifies in vivo neutralization, Fc-mediated killing, and resistance in human clinical trials of five anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- 5' leader defects drive persistent HIV-1 viremia on long-term ART.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Clinical trial simulation of antiviral drugs.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Article
- Clonal dynamics of HIV-infected and uninfected T cells.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Host genetics influences HIV reservoir persistence, treatment outcomes and CCR5 expression in patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy in Ghana.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HIV-1 latency reversing agents converge on phosphoregulation of nuclear protein complexes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Superinfection promotes replication and diversification of defective HIV-1 proviruses in people with non-suppressible viraemia.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Evolution of the HIV-1 integration site landscape and inducible reservoir in early-treated people.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Mild HIV-specific selective forces overlaying natural CD4+ T cell dynamics explain the clonality and decay dynamics of HIV reservoir cells.Cell systems · 2025Article
- Factors associated with resistance of HIV-1 reservoir viruses to neutralization by autologous IgG antibodies.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Clonal heterogeneity and antigenic stimulation shape persistence of the latent reservoir of HIV.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Applications and limitations of the passenger hypothesis for HIV reservoir persistence and cure.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Advancements in single-cell techniques for examining the HIV reservoir: pathways to a cure.mBio · 2025Review
- Immune-mediated strategies to solving the HIV reservoir problem.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Distinct viral reservoirs and immune signatures in individuals on long-term antiretroviral therapy with perinatally acquired HIV-1.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication in people living with HIV. Yet, infected cells persist for decades on ART and viremia returns if ART is stopped. Persistence has been attributed to viral replication in an ART sanctuary and long-lived and/or proliferating latently infected cells. Using ecological methods and existing data, we infer that >99% of infected cells are members of clonal populations after one year of ART. We reconcile our results with observations from the first months of ART, demonstrating mathematically how a fossil record of historic HIV replication permits observed viral evolution even while most new infected cells arise from proliferation. Together, our results imply cellular proliferation generates a majority of infected cells during ART. Therefore, reducing proliferation could decrease the size of the HIV reservoir and help achieve a functional cure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.