ReviewNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Graphene: An Overview on Exfoliation Media, Techniques, and Challenges.
Review in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recent advances and emerging mechanisms in graphene-based materials for cartilage tissue engineering.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- Scalable production of graphene with tunable edge functionalitiesNanoscale advances · 2026Review
- Article
- Laser-Induced Surface Modification of Graphene-Modified KM2-600 Para-Aramid Fabrics: Morphological and Topographical Analysis.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From Nanomaterials to Nanofertilizers: Applications, Ecological Risks, and Prospects for Sustainable Agriculture.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ultrasonic cavitation shock wave exfoliation dynamics of 2D materials revealed in situ by MHz XFEL imaging and multiphysics modeling.Science advances · 2025Article
- Green exfoliation of 2D nanomaterials using cyrene as a solvent.Nanoscale advances · 2025Article
- Advances of Functional Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Oral Diseases.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Advanced Synthesis and Unique Properties of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Realizing Next-Generation Applications.ACS materials Au · 2025Review
- Porous Organic Cages as Building Blocks for Framework Materials.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Review
- Surface-tailored graphene nanosheets targeting PI3K/Akt signaling of breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Approach to the Improvement of Graphene Production by Ultrasonic-Bath Treatment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Quantitative Criteria for Solvent Selection in Liquid-Phase Exfoliation: Balancing Exfoliation and Stabilization Efficiency.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Colloidal few layered graphene-tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025Article
- Impact of ultrasonic probe type, frequency, and static pressure on large-scale graphene exfoliation.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2024Article
- Exploring Feedstock Recycling in Liquid-Phase-Exfoliated Nanosheets.ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering · 2024Article
- Advancements in Surfactant Carriers for Enhanced Oil Recovery: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Opportunities.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Recent developments in two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide-based multimodal cancer theranostics.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
- Study of Morphology Control of Electro-Deposited Silver on Electro-Chemically Exfoliated Graphene Electrode and Its Conductivity.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanomaterial, has attracted worldwide attention owing to its fascinating properties. One of critical bottlenecks on some important classes of applications, such as printed electronics, conductive coatings, and composite fillers, is the lack of industrial-scale methods to produce high-quality graphene in the form of liquid suspensions, inks, or dispersions. Since 2008, when liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphene via sonication was initiated, huge progress has been made in the past decade. This review highlights the latest progress on the successful preparation of graphene in various media, including organic solvents, ionic liquids, water/polymer or surfactant solutions, and some other green dispersants. The techniques of LPE, namely sonication, high-shear mixing, and microfluidization are reviewed subsequently. Moreover, several typical devices of high-shear mixing and exfoliation mechanisms are introduced in detail. Finally, we give perspectives on future research directions for the development of green exfoliation media and efficient techniques for producing high-quality graphene. This systematic exploratory study of LPE will potentially pave the way for the scalable production of graphene, which can be also applied to produce other 2D layered materials, such as BN, MoS₂, WS₂, etc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.