Trial reportPloS one2018
Detection of central nervous system viral infections in adults in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence and case fatality rate of Enterovirus D68 infections, a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Historical and current perspectives on Japanese encephalitis in Sulawesi, Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2025Review
- Clinical presentation, management, and outcome of suspected central nervous system infections in Indonesia: a prospective cohort study.Infection · 2024Article
- Central nervous system infection in a pediatric population in West Java.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Neurological Disease Associated with Chikungunya in Indonesia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Detection of dengue virus serotype 1 in central nervous system of a child in Bandung, West Java: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2021Article
- Arbovirus, herpesvirus, and enterovirus associated with neurological syndromes in adult patients of a university hospital, 2017-2018.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- A Novel Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Spatial epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus and other infections of the central nervous system infections in Lao PDR (2003-2011): A retrospective analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Absence of Evidence of Zika Virus Infection in Cord Blood and Urine from Newborns with Congenital Abnormalities, Indonesia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Rickettsia felis identified in two fatal cases of acute meningoencephalitis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Predictive Role of Electroencephalography in Regard to Neurological and Cognitive Sequelae After Acute Central Nervous System Infection.Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) viral infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide but the systematic survey of patients admitted to hospitals with CNS infections in many countries, including Indonesia, is limited. To obtain more information regarding the causes of CNS infections in Indonesia, this study was performed to detect and identify viral agents associated with CNS infections amongst in-patients at a referral hospital in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Adult patients admitted to R.D. Kandou General Hospital with presumed CNS infection were enrolled. Cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and throat swab samples were collected and tested using molecular, serological, and virus isolation assays. A confirmed viral etiology was established in three and a probable/possible in 11 out of 74 patients. The most common was herpes simplex virus 1 (7/74, 9.5%), followed by Epstein-Barr virus (2/74, 2.7%), cytomegalovirus (1/74, 1.4%), enterovirus D68 (1/74, 1.4%), rhinovirus A (1/74, 1.4%), dengue virus (1/64, 1.6%), and Japanese encephalitis virus (1/64, 1.6%). There were 20 fatal cases (27.0%) during hospitalization in which eight were associated with viral causes. We identified herpes simplex virus 1 as the most common cause of CNS infection among adults in North Sulawesi with most of the cases remaining undiagnosed. Our study highlights the challenges in establishing the etiology of viral CNS infections and the importance of using a wide range of molecular and serological detection methods to identify CNS viruses.
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