ArticlePlant, cell & environment2019
Sulfate is transported at significant rates through the symbiosome membrane and is crucial for nitrogenase biosynthesis.
Article in Plant, cell & environment, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Excess molybdenum impairs growth, nitrogen metabolism and nutrient translocation of soybean inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Sulfur fertilization and inoculation of soybean with Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium spp. can improve grain yield and quality.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Driven Crosstalk between Legume Plants and Rhizobia: The Peribacteroid Space of Symbiosomes as a Protein Trafficking Interface.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Review
- Traits linked to natural variation of sulfur content in Arabidopsis thaliana.Journal of experimental botany · 2024Article
- Ionomic and proteomic changes highlight the effect of silicon supply on the nodules functioning ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Isolation of Rhizobial Extracellular Membrane Vesicles from Bacteroids.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- The Effect of Various Forms of Sulfur on Soil Organic Matter Fractions and Microorganisms in a Pot Experiment with Perennial Ryegrass (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Rapid Changes to Endomembrane System of Infected Root Nodule Cells to Adapt to Unusual Lifestyle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Sulfur in Seeds: An Overview.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anaerobic Sulfur Oxidation Underlies Adaptation of a Chemosynthetic Symbiont to Oxic-Anoxic Interfaces.mSystems · 2021Article
- Sulfur Homeostasis in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Understanding transport processes in lichen,F1000Research · 2020Review
- Glutathione Deficiency inFrontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- Sulfate is transported at significant rates through the symbiosome membrane and is crucial for nitrogenase biosynthesis.Plant, cell & environment · 2019Article
- Nicotianamine Synthase 2 Is Required for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation inFrontiers in plant science · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Legume-rhizobia symbioses play a major role in food production for an ever growing human population. In this symbiosis, dinitrogen is reduced ("fixed") to ammonia by the rhizobial nitrogenase enzyme complex and is secreted to the plant host cells, whereas dicarboxylic acids derived from photosynthetically produced sucrose are transported into the symbiosomes and serve as respiratory substrates for the bacteroids. The symbiosome membrane contains high levels of SST1 protein, a sulfate transporter. Sulfate is an essential nutrient for all living organisms, but its importance for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nodule metabolism has long been underestimated. Using chemical imaging, we demonstrate that the bacteroids take up 20-fold more sulfate than the nodule host cells. Furthermore, we show that nitrogenase biosynthesis relies on high levels of imported sulfate, making sulfur as essential as carbon for the regulation and functioning of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Our findings thus establish the importance of sulfate and its active transport for the plant-microbe interaction that is most relevant for agriculture and soil fertility.
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Registered trials
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