ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2019
Combination of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in the early diagnosis of bacterial co-infections in children with H1N1 influenza.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host-response biomarker panels for distinguishing selected acute respiratory viral-bacterial co-infections from mono-infections.iScience · 2026Review
- Factors associated with antibiotic initiation and bacterial coinfection in adults with confirmed influenza.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of routine peripheral blood parameters in influenza and COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics analysis and prediction model construction for pediatric influenza virus pneumonia complicated by bacterial infection.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- The value of common blood parameters for the differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in children.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Sepsis Biomarkers: Advancements and Clinical Applications-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Platelet Abnormalities in Children with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- NLRP6 Induces Lung Injury and Inflammation Early in Brucella and Influenza Coinfection.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Negative predictive value of procalcitonin to rule out bacterial respiratory co-infection in critical covid-19 patients.The Journal of infection · 2022Article
- Low Levels of Procalcitonin Are Related to Decreased Antibiotic Use in Children Hospitalized Due to Influenza.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Comparative Study of Severe and Critical Influenza B in Children in the 2021-2022 Winter Season.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Use of common blood parameters for the differential diagnosis of childhood infections.PloS one · 2022Article
- Rapid Diagnostic Tests to Guide Case Management of and Improve Antibiotic Stewardship for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Illnesses in Resource-Constrained Settings: a Prospective Cohort Study in Southwestern Uganda.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Observational
- Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection: A multi-center study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Persistent Bacterial Coinfection of a COVID-19 Patient Caused by a Genetically AdaptedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- The microbiota-related coinfections in COVID-19 patients: a real challenge.Beni-Suef University journal of basic and applied sciences · 2021Review
- The microbial coinfection in COVID-19.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Combination of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in the early diagnosis of bacterial co-infections in children with H1N1 influenza.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study evaluated the diagnostic value of measuring the levels of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to differentiate children co-infected with H1N1 influenza and bacteria from children infected with H1N1 influenza alone.
methodsConsecutive patients (children aged < 5 years) with laboratory-confirmed H1N1 influenza who were hospitalized or received outpatient care from a tertiary-care hospital in Canton, China, between January 1, 2012, and September 1, 2017, were included in the present study. Laboratory results, including serum PCT and CRP levels, white blood cell (WBC) counts, and bacterial cultures, were analyzed. The predictive value of the combination of biomarkers versus any of the biomarkers alone for diagnosing bacterial co-infections was evaluated using logistic regression analyses.
resultsSignificantly higher PCT (1.46 vs 0.21 ng/mL, P < 0.001) and CRP (19.20 vs 5.10 mg/dL, P < 0.001) levels were detected in the bacterial co-infection group than in the H1N1 infection-alone group. Using PCT or CRP levels alone, the areas under the curves (AUCs) for predicting bacterial co-infections were 0.801 (95% CI, 0.772-0.855) and 0.762 (95% CI, 0.722-0.803), respectively. Using a combination of PCT and CRP, the logistic regression-based model, Logit(P) = -1.912 + 0.546 PCT + 0.087 CRP, showed significantly greater accuracy (AUC: 0.893, 95% CI: 0.842-0.934) than did the other three biomarkers.
conclusionsThe combination of PCT and CRP levels could provide a useful method of distinguishing bacterial co-infections from an H1N1 influenza infection alone in children during the early disease phase. After further validation, the flexible model derived here could assist clinicians in decision-making processes.
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