ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2019
Sleep Disturbances and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: Focus on Sex Differences.
Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcription-protein dissociation reveals disrupted cellular stress pathways in the prefrontal cortex of depression and schizophrenia subjects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- Polygenic risk for schizophrenia is associated with psychomotor vigilance performance impairment during sleep deprivation in women.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- IL-1b and TNF-a-driven sleep alterations: Neuroimmune mechanisms and behavioral implications.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Towards an Integrative Account of Potential Mechanisms Mediating the Path From Sleep Dysfunction to Hallucinations.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- The associations between insomnia symptoms and clinical features, lipid metabolism parameters, as well as inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Comorbidity patterns and immune-metabolic differences in patients with acute-episode of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Sleep duration and its associated factors in schizophrenia patients: a large-scale cross-sectional survey.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sleep and psychiatric disorders: Bidirectional interactions and shared neurobiological mechanisms.PLOS mental health · 2025Review
- Correlation Between Monocyte Count, Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Other Inflammatory Cells With Sleep and Psychiatric Symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Article
- Gender differences in clinical and biochemical parameters among patients hospitalized for schizophrenia: towards precision medicine.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex differences in the association between metabolic disorder and inflammatory cytokines in Han Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The cognitive status of chronic subdural hematoma patients after treatment: an exploratory study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Article
- Sleep Disturbances and Chronic Pain in People with HIV: Implications for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Current sleep medicine reports · 2022Article
- Recent advancements in biomarker research in schizophrenia: mapping the road from bench to bedside.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Review
- Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia.Medical review (2021) · 2022Review
- Network Association of Biochemical and Inflammatory Abnormalities With Psychiatric Symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Serum Levels of TNF-α Are Increased in Patients with Rotator Cuff Tear and Sleep Disturbance.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Examining self-reported social functioning, sleep quality, and psychotic-like experiences in college students.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Article
- Sex difference in the interrelationship between TNF-α and oxidative stress status in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPersons with schizophrenia, and women in particular, are at high risk for sleep disturbances and inflammatory activation. The sleep-inflammation link has been reported to be stronger in women within the general population. This study sought to examine the sleep-inflammation link in persons with schizophrenia and its relationship with demographic, clinical and cognitive variables.
designCross-sectional case-control study.
participantsCommunity-dwelling outpatients with schizophrenia (N=144, 46% women) and non-psychiatric comparison (NC) participants (N=134, 52% women), age 26-65 years. MEASUREMENTS: Reported sleep disturbances (sleep quality and duration), and mental and physical health were assessed. Cognitive assessments included executive functioning (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System) and global cognitive functioning (Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status - modified.) Inflammatory biomarkers included pro-inflammatory cytokines [high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin (IL)-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α)] and an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10).
resultsThe schizophrenia group had longer sleep duration, worse sleep quality, and increased levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α compared to NCs. Women with schizophrenia were less likely to have good sleep quality and had elevated levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 compared to men with schizophrenia. In the schizophrenia group, worse sleep quality and global cognitive functioning were associated with higher hs-CRP and IL-6 levels. Female sex and younger age were also associated with higher hs-CRP levels.
conclusionsSleep disturbances and increased inflammation, which were common in schizophrenia, were associated in persons with schizophrenia. Moreover, women with schizophrenia had worse sleep quality and inflammation than men. Further examination of the sleep-inflammation links, their contribution to clinical outcomes, and sex-specific factors is warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.