ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2018
Differences in Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death Between Blacks and Whites.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Race and Ethnicity Disparities in Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality: the Role of Socioeconomic Status-a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- Racial and ethnic disparities in arrhythmia care: A call for action.Heart rhythm · 2022Guideline
- Facilitating Shared Decision Making Among Black Patients at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest : A Randomized Clinical Trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2023Trial
- Trends and Demographic Disparities Among Adults With Sudden Cardiac Death and Diabetes Mellitus in the United States: A Nationwide Analysis.Journal of arrhythmia · 2026Article
- Mortality trends related to cardiac arrest in patients with diabetes mellitus aged 25 and older across the United States: an analysis using the CDC WONDER database from 1999 to 2024.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Demographics and Trends of Sudden Cardiac Death-Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2022.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- The risk of heart-specific death in breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Trends in Sudden Cardiac Death Related Mortality in Adults in the United States: A CDC WONDER Database Analysis, 1999-2020.Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
- Observational study of sudden cardiac arrest risk (OSCAR): Rationale and design of an electronic health records cohort.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Outcomes and Treatment of Patients Admitted with Heart Failure: A Nationwide Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Risk Factors for Sudden Cardiac Arrest Among Hispanic or Latino Adults in Southern California: Ventura PRESTO and HCHS/SOL.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Racial Differences in Fatal Out-of-Hospital Coronary Heart Disease and the Role of Income in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort Study (1987 to 2017).The American journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- Ethnic disparities in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A population-based cohort study among adult Danish immigrants.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- Mediterranean Diet Score, Dietary Patterns, and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in the REGARDS Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- The Association of Structural Inequities and Race With Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2021Article
- Sex and Racial Differences in Autopsy-Defined Causes of Presumed Sudden Cardiac Death.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2021Article
- Number of Social Determinants of Health and Fatal and Nonfatal Incident Coronary Heart Disease in the REGARDS Study.Circulation · 2021Observational
- Relationship between socioeconomic status and incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is dependent on age.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2020Article
- Health Disparities and Cardiovascular Disease.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Bringing Critical Race Praxis Into the Study of Electrophysiological Substrate of Sudden Cardiac Death: The ARIC Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies have consistently demonstrated that blacks have an approximate 2-fold higher incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) than whites; however, these analyses have lacked individual-level sociodemographic, medical comorbidity, and behavioral health data.
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether racial differences in SCD incidence are attributable to differences in the prevalence of risk factors or rather to underlying susceptibility to fatal arrhythmias.
methodsThe Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study is a prospective, population-based cohort of adults from across the United States. Associations between race and SCD defined per National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria were assessed.
resultsAmong 22,507 participants (9,416 blacks and 13,091 whites) without a history of clinical cardiovascular disease, there were 174 SCD events (67 whites and 107 blacks) over a median follow-up of 6.1 years (interquartile range: 4.6 to 7.3 years). The age-adjusted SCD incidence rate (per 1,000 person-years) was higher in blacks (1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 to 2.2) compared with whites (0.7; 95% CI: 0.6 to 0.9), with an unadjusted hazard ratio of 2.35; 95% CI: 1.74 to 3.20. The association of black race with SCD risk remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographics, comorbidities, behavioral measures of health, intervening cardiovascular events, and competing risks of non-SCD mortality (hazard ratio: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.39 to 2.77).
conclusionsIn a large biracial population of adults without a history of cardiovascular disease, SCD rates were significantly higher in blacks as compared with whites. These racial differences were not fully explained by demographics, adverse socioeconomic measures, cardiovascular risk factors, and behavioral measures of health.
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