SynthesisMedicine2018
The relation of passive smoking with cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissection of 4L lymph node for left-sided non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between MRI-detected hip abnormalities and hip pain in hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review.Rheumatology international · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotic adoption effects on nutrition and quality of life in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: A meta-analysis.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Epicardial Adipose Tissue Changes After Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Obesity surgery · 2023Pooled it
- Non-Genetic Factors and Risk of Cervical Cancer: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.International journal of public health · 2023Pooled it
- Environmental Risk Factors and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cell-specific multi-target mechanisms of cotinine in cervical cancer oncogenesis and progression.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Smoking exposure and cervical cancer risk: Integrating observational and genetic evidence.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Observational
- Secondhand smoke is associated with abdominal obesity and high obesity index in a large Taiwanese population study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Human Papillomavirus and Other Relevant Issues in Cervical Cancer Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bladder Adenocarcinoma in a Constellation of Multiple Site Malignancies: An Unusual Case and Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comparative effects of different treatments based on the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in endometrial carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia patients: a network meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Review
- Cervical Cancer and Its Association With Pregnancy.Cureus · 2024Review
- Role of active and environmental tobacco smoke on susceptibility to osteoporosis in women undergoing dual-X-ray absorptiometry.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Assessment of HPV Knowledge and Awareness among Students and Staff at IBB University, Niger State, Nigeria: Implications for Health Education and Prevention.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association between oral contraceptives and cervical cancer: A retrospective case-control study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Chemical Peeling Therapy Using Phenol for the Cervico-Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.Viruses · 2023Article
- Second-hand smoke exposure and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Risk-Reducing Measures for Cancer Prevention.Korean journal of family medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPublished studies about passive smoking and cervical cancer have found inconsistent results. Hence, the present meta-analysis was performed to assess this association.
methodsA systematical search was performed to identify eligible cohort and case-control studies in PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases (up to March, 2018). The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa quality scale (NOS). The random effects model (REM) was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (ORs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot, using Begg's test and Egger's test.
resultsAround 14 eligible studies were included for analysis, which included a total of 384,995 participants. The pooled ORs of passive smoking with cervical cancer risk was 1.70 (95% CI: 1.40-2.07, I = 64.3%). Subgroups stratified by continent, study design, quality score, and cervical cancer types/phases suggested that the result was robust. For instance, the pooled ORs for the cohort and case-control studies was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.16-1.62, I = 0%) and 2.09 (95% CI: 1.52-2.89, I = 76.6%), respectively. The pooled ORs ranged from 1.61 (95%CI: 1.34-1.92) to 1.77 (95%CI: 1.44-2.16) after one study was removed each time in the sensitivity analyses, indicating that the result was stable. Publication bias was detected by funnel plot and Egger's tests. The recalculated ORs were 1.33 (95% CI: 1.21-1.47).
conclusionsThis meta-analysis provides evidence that passive smoking is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.