Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery Using Quantitative Proteomics Post-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke in the Rat Brain.

The pathological mechanisms of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain unknown and unverified. In the present study, we used quantitative proteomics to elucidate the pathological mechanisms and to identify novel biomarker and therapeutic target candidates via tissue proteome in a rat model of acute ICH. Rats were experimentally induced with ICH (n = 6) or Sham (n = 6), and their brain tissue was obtained by 24 h. The TMT-LC-MS/MS-based proteomics approach was used to quantify the differential proteomes across brain tissue, and the results were further analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis to explore canonical pathways and the relationship involved in the uploaded data. Upon quantification, we found that 96 secreted proteins that were identified in the ICH 24-h group were significantly different those in the control group (P < 0.05); among these proteins, 57 increased and 39 decreased in abundance. Bioinformatic analyses of differentially expressed proteins demonstrated that the protein localization and ERK1 and ERK2 cascade were the top two biological processes with the highest concentrations of differentially proteins. The top protein-protein action network with high confidence levels of protein was the albumin and ERK signaling pathways. Albumin, ERK, and p-ERK were assessed in brain tissue by western blot analysis, and higher expression levels of albumin and p-ERK were observed in the ICH group. Our proteomic results highlight important change in the biological processes of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, which are possible targets for future interventions of ICH. To our knowledge, this study provides in-depth analysis of ICH in brain tissue, and we propose 96 new biomarker candidates for ICH, including albumin and ERK.