ArticleAIDS and behavior2019
Late Presentation and Missed Opportunities for HIV Diagnosis in Guatemala.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV/AIDS late presentation and its associated factors in China from 2010 to 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Advanced HIV Disease at Presentation in Care Among People Living With HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Variability in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection screening: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina) · 2025Observational
- Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Sociobehavioral Risk Factors and Clinical Implications of Late Presentation Among People Living with HIV in the Brazilian Amazon Region.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients living with HIV and co-infected with tuberculosis and histoplasmosis: a 5-y retrospective case series.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2024Observational
- Delayed presentation of HIV among older individuals: a growing problem.The lancet. HIV · 2022Review
- Epidemiological risk factors associated with primary infection by Epstein-Barr virus in HIV-1-positive subjects in the Brazilian Amazon region.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV care in Guatemala.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- A Rapid Screening Program for Histoplasmosis, Tuberculosis, and Cryptococcosis Reduces Mortality in HIV Patients from Guatemala.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Epidemic of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Under the Influence of COVID-19 in China.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Early HIV diagnosis remains a challenge in many regions with delayed diagnosis resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of people living with HIV receiving outpatient care at a large tertiary referral center in Guatemala to describe the proportion of late presenters (LP) and missed opportunities for HIV diagnosis. Of 3686 patients, 2990 (81.1%) were LP who were more likely to be male (60.2% vs. 48.0%, p < 0.0001), heterosexual (88.0% vs. 78.0%, p < 0.0001) and rural dwellers (43.7% vs. 33.8%. p < 0.0001). The proportions of patients who presented late or with AIDS at diagnosis decreased over time. Only 665 patients (18.2%) sought care in the 2 years prior to HIV diagnosis. This study, the first of its kind in Central America to focus on late presenters and missed opportunities for HIV diagnosis, demonstrates extremely high rates of LP in Guatemala. Although in recent years rates of LP have improved somewhat, the need for screening outside of traditional healthcare settings is apparent.
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