Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30425309›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

Comprehensive molecular and cellular studies suggest avian scutate scales are secondarily derived from feathers, and more distant from reptilian scales.

Ping Wu, Yung-Chih Lai, Randall Widelitz, Cheng-Ming Chuong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

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  15. Evo Devo of the Vertebrates Integument.Journal of developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ping WuDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Yung-Chih LaiDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Randall WidelitzDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Cheng-Ming ChuongDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. cmchuong@usc.edu.

Funding

Size regulation of skin appendagesR01AR047364 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Cheng-Ming Chuong · 2002 to 2026
$10.1M
Tissue Engineering of New Hair FormationR01AR060306 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHUONG, CHENG-MING · 2010 to 2019
$4.6M
Tissue Patterning in living skin and organ explantsR37AR060306 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Cheng-Ming Chuong · 2020 to 2026
$3.6M
Tissue mechanics in regenerative wound healing of the skinR01GM125322 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHUONG, CHENG-MING · 2018 to 2021
$1.3M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR047364NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR060306NIAMS NIH HHS R37 AR060306NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM125322
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amniote skin appendages such as feathers, hairs and scales, provide thermoregulation, physical protection and display different color patterns to attract a mate or frighten an adversary. A long-standing question is whether "reptile scale" and "avian leg scales" are of the same origin. Understanding the relation between avian feathers, avian scales and reptilian scales will enhance our understanding of skin appendage evolution. We compared the molecular and cellular profiles in chicken feather, chicken scales and alligator scales and found that chicken scutate scales are similar to chicken feathers in morphogenesis at the early placode stage. When we compared the expression of the recently identified feather-specific genes and scale-specific genes in these skin appendages, we found that at the molecular level alligator scales are significantly different from both chicken feathers and chicken scales. Furthermore, we identified a similarly diffuse putative stem cell niche in morphologically similar chicken and alligator scales. These putative stem cells participate in alligator scale regeneration. In contrast, avian feathers have a more condensed stem cell niche, which may be responsible for cycling. Thus, our results suggest that chicken and alligator scales formed independently through convergent evolution.

Indexed as

Alligators and CrocodilesBiological EvolutionChickensAnimalsBiomarkersChick EmbryoDiffusionFeathersGene Expression RegulationSequence Analysis, RNASkinSpecies SpecificityStem CellsBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID30425309
PMCPMC6233204

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.