ReviewArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2019
Challenges and opportunities for antibiotic stewardship among preterm infants.
Review in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pediatric stewardship in Italy: a necessity, not an option - a National Multi-Society Expert Consensus on Antimicrobial and Diagnostic Stewardship (SIP, SITIP, SIMRI, SIAIP, SIMEUP, SIPPS, SICUPP, SIMIT, SIMPE, SIPINF, SIT, SIAATIP, SARNEPI, AIEOP, SIM, SITI, SIF, SIFACT, SITA, SIN).Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Heart Rate Characteristics Monitoring for Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.Neonatology · 2023Pooled it
- Umbilical cord blood culture in neonatal early-onset sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- The Goldilocks zone of optimal antimicrobial stewardship in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Early-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates of 22-28 Weeks' Gestation: An International Cohort Study.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome in preterm infants with different weight gain outcomes.Gut microbiology · 2026Article
- CoNS blood culture isolates from very preterm infants: antibiotic susceptibility, synergy testing andJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Article
- Antibiotic exposure in culture-negative preterm infants: a 10-year single-centre study.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Antibiotic treatment for neonatal sepsis: changing trends and future directions.Drugs in context · 2026Review
- Procalcitonin-guided decision and antibiotic treatment duration in late onset sepsis of newborns: multicentre, randomised controlled trial (ProABIS).BMJ medicine · 2026Article
- Outcomes and antimicrobial usage in preterm neonates < 34 weeks gestation with culture-negative neonatal sepsis: a prospective observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Metabolomics of Sepsis and Acute Kidney Injury in Infants and Children: Current Challenges in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Blood cultures and predicting positivity in extremely preterm infants admitted to an outborn level IV NICU.BMC pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Management of Neonates in the Special Care Nursery and Its Impact on the Developing Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Clinical Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Assessing the Use of Neonatal Sepsis Guidelines and Antibiotic Prescription With Large-Scale Prospective Data From Zimbabwe and Malawi.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- Impact of NICE clinical guidelines for prevention and treatment of neonatal infections on antibiotic use in very preterm infants in England and Wales: an interrupted time series analysis.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2024Article
- Time to positivity of blood cultures in a level IV NICU varies based on organism category and population subgroups: is a 36-hour rule out safe?Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Antibiotics, Analgesic Sedatives, and Antiseizure Medications Frequently Used in Critically Ill Neonates: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibiotic stewardship programmes aim to optimise antimicrobial use to prevent the emergence of resistance species and protect patients from the side effects of unnecessary medication. The high incidence of systemic infection and associated mortality from these infections leads neonatal providers to frequently initiate antibiotic therapy and make empiric antibiotic courses one of the main contributors of antibiotic use in the neonatal units. Yet, premature infants are also at risk for acute life-threatening complications associated with antibiotic use such as necrotising enterocolitis and for long-term morbidities such as asthma. In this review, we discuss specific aspects of antibiotic use in the very low birthweight preterm infants, with a focus on empiric use, that provide opportunities for stewardship practice. We discuss strategies to risk-stratify antibiotic initiation for the risk of early-onset sepsis, optimise empiric therapy duration and antibiotic choice in late-onset sepsis, and standardise decisions for stopping empiric therapy. Lastly, review the evolving role of biomarkers in antibiotic stewardship.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.