ArticleThe American journal of cardiology2019
Relation of Elevated Resting Heart Rate in Mid-Life to Cognitive Decline Over 20 Years (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities [ARIC] Study).
Article in The American journal of cardiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
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- U-shaped association of resting heart rate with cognitive decline.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment Status: Pilot Study of Machine Learning Models Based on Longitudinal Data From Fitness Trackers.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Characterization of African-American Super-Agers in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Article
- Resting heart rate causally affects the brain cortical structure: Mendelian randomization study.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Associations between resting heart rate and cognitive decline in Chinese oldest old individuals: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- The impact of visit-to-visit heart rate variability on all-cause mortality in atrial fibrillation.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2024Article
- Association between Resting Heart Rate and Machine Learning-Based Brain Age in Middle- and Older-Age.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- Autonomic modulation and the risk of dementia in a middle-aged cohort: A 17-year follow-up study.Biomedical journal · 2023Article
- Resting heart rate, cognitive function, and inflammation in older adults: a population-based study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Article
- Resting Heart Rate and Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Associations of resting heart rate with incident dementia, cognition, and brain structure: a prospective cohort study of UK biobank.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Relationship Between Resting Heart Rate and Microalbuminuria in Adults With Hypertension: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2018.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Monitoring Older Adult Blood Pressure Trends at Home as a Proxy for Brain Health.Online journal of public health informatics · 2021Article
- Resting heart rate and incident venous thromboembolism: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Open heart · 2020Observational
- Associations Between Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Cerebral Amyloid: The ARIC-PET Study.Stroke · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Resting heart rate (RHR) is independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We determined whether RHR, measured in mid-life, is also associated with cognitive decline. We studied 13,720 middle-aged white and black ARIC participants without a history of stroke or atrial fibrillation. RHR was obtained from a 12-lead resting electrocardiogram at the baseline visit (1990 to 1992) and categorized into groups as <60 (reference), 60 to 69, 70 to 79 and ≥80 beats/min. Cognitive scores were obtained at baseline and at up to 2 additional visits (1996 to 1998 and 2011 to 2013). The primary outcome was a global composite cognitive score (Z-score) derived from 3 tests: delayed word recall, digit symbol substitution, and word fluency. The associations of RHR with cognitive decline and incident dementia were examined using linear mixed-effects and Cox hazard models, respectively, adjusting for sociodemographics, CVD risk factors, and AV-nodal blockade use. Multiple imputation methods were used to account for attrition over follow-up. Participants had mean ± SD age of 58 ± 6 years; 56% were women, 24% black. Average RHR was 66 ± 10 beats/min. Over a mean follow-up of 20 years, those with RHR ≥80 beats/min had greater global cognitive decline (average adjusted Z-score difference -0.12 [95% confidence interval -0.21, -0.03]) and increased risk for incident dementia (hazard ratio 1.28 (1.04, 1.57), compared with those with RHR <60 beats/min. In conclusion, elevated RHR is independently associated with greater cognitive decline and incident dementia over 20 years. Further studies are needed to determine whether the associations are causal or secondary to another underlying process, and whether modification of RHR can affect cognitive decline.
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