ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Cathepsin S Alters the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and MMP-9, Partially through Protease-Activated Receptor-2, in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathological mechanisms of Sjögren's disease-related dry eye: from multiglandular dysfunction to ocular surface inflammation.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Acute tear-film disruption in treatment-naive acute anterior uveitis: A retrospective case-control study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Target Discovery and Systemic Mechanism Analysis of Teriflunomide for Dry Eye Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Probing the activity of cysteine cathepsins in inflammatory bowel diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Safety and efficacy of AAV8-aflibercept in treating choroidal neovascularization via single-cell RNA sequencing.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- A New Strategy in Modulating the Protease-Activated Receptor 2 (Par2) in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cathepsin S: molecular mechanisms in inflammatory and immunological processes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Inhibition of Cathepsin S in Autoimmune CD25KO Mouse Improves Sjögren Disease-Like Lacrimal Gland Pathology.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Prognostic value and immunological role of cathepsin S gene in pan‑cancer.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- The Potential Utility of Salivary and Tear Proteomics to Discriminate Sjögren's Disease from Non-Sjögren's Sicca.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Development of In Vitro Dry Eye Models to Study Proliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Allogeneic Serum Eye Drops.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Diagnostic value of serum cathepsin S in type 2 diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Proteases and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers and Drug Targets in Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Surface Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Knockdown of CD44 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells accompanied by downregulation of cathepsin S.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Article
- Integrated Network Pharmacology and Mice Model to Investigate Qing Zao Fang for Treating Sjögren's Syndrome.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Cathepsin S is a novel target for age-related dry eye.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Proteomics changes after negative pressure wound therapy in diabetic foot ulcers.Molecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- PAR-2-activated secretion by airway gland serous cells: role for CFTR and inhibition byAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- Rab27a Contributes to Cathepsin S Secretion in Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cathepsin S (CTSS) activity is increased in tears of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients. This elevated CTSS may contribute to ocular surface inflammation. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T cells) were treated with recombinant human CTSS at activity comparable to that in SS patient tears for 2, 4, 8, and 24 h. Acute CTSS significantly increased HCE-T cell gene and protein expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) from 2 to 4 h, while matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), CTSS, and protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) were increased by chronic CTSS (24 h). To investigate whether the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases were induced by CTSS activation of PAR-2, HCE-T cells were transfected with PAR-2 siRNA, reducing cellular PAR-2 by 45%. Cells with reduced PAR-2 expression showed significantly reduced release of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-9 into culture medium in response to acute CTSS, while IL-6, TNF-α, and MMP-9 were reduced in culture medium, and IL-6 and MMP-9 in cell lysates, after chronic CTSS. Moreover, cells with reduced PAR-2 expression showed reduced ability of chronic CTSS to induce gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases. CTSS activation of PAR-2 may represent a potential therapeutic target for amelioration of ocular surface inflammation in SS patients.
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