ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
The Two-Faced Cytokine IL-6 in Host Defense and Diseases.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-based selection of orthodontic miniscrews, increasing their success rate in the mandibular buccal shelf. A randomized, prospective clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2022Trial
- Infectious Risks Associated with Biologic Therapies in Autoimmune, Rheumatologic and Dermatologic Diseases: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis Act in Concert to Disrupt the Nasal Epithelial Barrier.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Article
- Post-COVID-19 Jaw Osteonecrosis: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Culturally acceptable fermented grain may improve gut health in South African postpartum mothers in a randomised trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Clinical features and inflammatory signatures of patients with persistent gastrointestinal long COVID two years after severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pepsin-induced Differential IL-6 Expression in Laryngeal and Laryngopharyngeal Tissue: Non-invasive Rat Model for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Stress-induced IL-6 regulation in pediatric bone growth disorders: current insights and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Interleukin-6 as a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Bidirectional regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of tumor hypercoagulable state and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- Interleukin-6 in hemolytic anemias: from inflammatory pathways to therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- DecodingAcute GVHD: The role of serum biomarkers and imaging in diagnosis and management.Blood reviews · 2025Review
- Bush medicine of the Mbabaram Aboriginal community in Far North Queensland demonstrates strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Article
- Healthcare Interventions in the Management of Rheumatic Diseases: A Narrative Analysis of Effectiveness and Emerging Strategies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Calprotectin as a Biomarker for Infectious Diseases: A Comparative Review with Conventional Inflammatory Markers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comprehensive investigation of network pharmacology, computational modeling, and pharmacokinetic assessment to evaluate the efficacy of flavonoids in rheumatoid arthritis.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- Soluble ST2 as a Predictive Biomarker for Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease Post -Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.Clinical transplantation · 2025Article
- Innate immune role of IL-6 in influenza a virus pathogenesis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Computational Screening of IL-1 and IL-6 Inhibitors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Insights from Molecular Docking and Dynamics Analysis.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukein-6 (IL-6), is produced locally from infectious or injured lesions and is delivered to the whole body via the blood stream, promptly activating the host defense system to perform diverse functions. However, excessive or sustained production of IL-6 is involved in various diseases. In diseases, the IL-6 inhibitory strategy begins with the development of the anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab (TCZ). This antibody has shown remarkable effects on Castleman disease, rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. In 2017, TCZ was proven to work effectively against giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis and cytokine releasing syndrome, initiating a new era for the treatment of these diseases. In this study, the defensive functions of IL-6 and various pathological conditions are compared. Further, the diseases of which TCZ has been approved for treatment are summarized, the updated results of increasing off-label use of TCZ for various diseases are reviewed and the conditions for which IL-6 inhibition might have a beneficial role are discussed. Given the involvement of IL-6 in many pathologies, the diseases that can be improved by IL-6 inhibition will expand. However, the important role of IL-6 in host defense should always be kept in mind in clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.