Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30421838›Full record

ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2019

Increases in controlled-release oxycodone utilisation following the subsidy of oxycodone with naloxone formulations: An Australian population-based study.

Andrea L Schaffer, Emily A Karanges, Nicholas A Buckley, Andrew Wilson, Louisa Degenhardt, Briony Larance, Sallie-Anne Pearson

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Andrea L SchafferMedicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3701-4997
Emily A KarangesMedicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7922-2762
Nicholas A BuckleySchool of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6326-4711
Andrew WilsonMenzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Louisa DegenhardtNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Briony LaranceNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Sallie-Anne PearsonMedicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

Using existing data to understand and ameliorate risk in opioid agonist therapyR01DA044170 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES · PI DEGENHARDT, LOUISA · 2017 to 2019
$641k
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA044170
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDespite increasing use of oxycodone/naloxone controlled-release (CR) in Australia, little is known about how it has affected the overall oxycodone CR market since its subsidy in 2011.

methodsWe used Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme dispensing claims (2006-2016) and interrupted time series analysis to examine changes in the quarterly rates of dispensing of oral oxycodone CR formulations (oxycodone/naloxone CR and single-ingredient oxycodone CR) and new oxycodone CR treatment episodes. We also performed a retrospective cohort study in a sample of people initiating a new oxycodone CR treatment episode in 2009, 2012/2013, and 2016 to compare opioid utilisation patterns over time.

resultsThe subsidy of oxycodone/naloxone CR was associated with a 1.6-fold increase in the growth rate of oxycodone CR dispensing, resulting from rapid uptake of low strength (≤5 mg) oxycodone/naloxone CR. In our cohort of initiators, the number of new oxycodone CR treatment episodes increased 2.1-fold between 2009 and 2016; in 2016, 91.4% of new treatment episodes involved oxycodone/naloxone CR. Comparing 2016 with 2009, we observed an increase in people initiating with a tablet strength less than or equal to 5-mg (risk difference [RD] = 21.1%, 95% CI, 19.9%-22.4%) in people initiating with no other opioid dispensing 90 days prior to initiation (RD = 5.2%, 3.8%-6.6%) and with no further opioid dispensing 90 days after initiation (RD = 8.8%, 7.4%-10.2%).

conclusionsAfter its subsidy, the uptake of low-dose oxycodone/naloxone CR was greater than expected if it were substituting the single-ingredient oxycodone CR, resulting in an expansion of the oxycodone CR market.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnalgesics, OpioidAustraliaChronic PainDelayed-Action PreparationsDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug CombinationsDrug UtilizationFemaleHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisMaleMiddle AgedAnalgesics, OpioidDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CombinationsNaloxoneNarcotic AntagonistsOxycodoneAustraliadrug utilisationopioidsoxycodonepharmacoepidemiology

Identifiers

PMID30421838
PMCPMC6687879

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.