Trial reportJournal of general internal medicine2019
Medically Tailored Meal Delivery for Diabetes Patients with Food Insecurity: a Randomized Cross-over Trial.
Trial report in Journal of general internal medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 114 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Community Servings: Food as Medicine for Diabetes
Screening for and Responding to Food Insecurity Among Simmons Infusion Patients at RedBird
NOURISH HEARTS: Nutrition Outreach and Understanding: Research In Serving Hearts Through Healthy Eating And Tailored Support
Family-Based Meal Timing for Cancer Prevention Among Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders: FAMTIME
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Guideline
- Dietary, Food Security and Diabetes Outcomes Associated with Food Is Medicine Programs among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in the United States: A Rapid Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Impact of Providing Material Benefits to Improve Access to Food on Clinical Parameters, Dietary Intake, and Household Food Insecurity in People with Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Literature Review of Nutrition Interventions Implemented to Address Food Insecurity as a Social Determinant of Health.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of food prescription programs on chronic disease management in primarily low-income populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition and health · 2022Pooled it
- Healthy Food Prescription Programs and their Impact on Dietary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Interventions to Address Food Insecurity Among Adults in Canada and the US: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA health forum · 2021Pooled it
- Feasibility and Effects of a Produce Prescription Program (PRx) in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Low Socioeconomic Status: A Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Designing Medically Tailored Meal Interventions: The Food as Medicine for Families (FAME-F) Factorial Randomized Clinical Trial.Circulation. Population health and outcomes · 2026Trial
- Feasibility of an Adaptive Food Insecurity Intervention for Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Pilot SMART.Population health management · 2026Trial
- Feeding the Family-A Food Is Medicine Intervention: Preliminary Baseline Results of Clinical Data from Caregivers and Children.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Does the provision of free medically tailored groceries high in fibre or healthy fats impact sodium and potassium intakes? Secondary data analysis of a randomised controlled trial with extended follow-up.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Voucher for Healthy Foods and Diabetes Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA internal medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Leveraging Social Needs Assessments to Eliminate Barriers to Diabetes Self-Management in a Vulnerable Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Trial
- Satisfaction with a meal kit delivery program and feasibility of a phase I trial in the intervening in food insecurity to reduce and mitigate (InFoRM) childhood obesity study.Pediatric obesity · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Exposure to a Multilevel, Multicomponent Obesity Prevention Intervention (OPREVENT2) in Rural Native American Communities: Variability and Association with Change in Diet Quality.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- "I was able to eat what I am supposed to eat"-- patient reflections on a medically-tailored meal intervention: a qualitative analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2020Trial
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFood insecurity, defined as inconsistent food access owing to cost, leads to poor health.
objectiveTo test whether a medically tailored meal delivery program improved dietary quality in individuals with type 2 diabetes and food insecurity.
designRandomized cross-over clinical trial.
participantsForty-four adults with diabetes, hemoglobin A1c > 8.0%, and food insecurity (defined as at least one positive item on the two-item "Hunger Vital Sign").
interventionIn the Community Servings: Food as Medicine for Diabetes cross-over clinical trial (NCT02426138), conducted from June 2015 to July 2017, we randomly assigned the order of "on-meals" (home delivery of 10 meals/week for 12 weeks delivered by Community Servings, a non-profit organization) and "off-meals" (12 weeks usual care and a Choose MyPlate healthy eating brochure) periods. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was Healthy Eating Index 2010 score (HEI), assessed by three 24-h food recalls in both periods. Higher HEI score (range 0-100; clinically significant difference 5) represents better dietary quality. Secondary outcomes included food insecurity and self-reported hypoglycemia. KEY
resultsMean "on-meal" HEI score was 71.3 (SD 7.5) while mean "off-meal" HEI score was 39.9 (SD 7.8) (difference 31.4 points, p < 0.0001). Participants experienced improvements in almost all sub-categories of HEI score, with increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains and decreased solid fats, alcohol, and added sugar consumption. Participants also reported lower food insecurity (42% "on-meal" vs. 62% "off-meal," p = 0.047), less hypoglycemia (47% "on-meal" vs. 64% "off-meal," p = 0.03), and fewer days where mental health interfered with quality of life (5.65 vs. 9.59 days out of 30, p = 0.03).
conclusionsFor food-insecure individuals with diabetes, medically tailored meals improved dietary quality and food insecurity and reduced hypoglycemia. Longer-term studies should evaluate effects on diabetes control (e.g., hemoglobin A1c) and patient-reported outcomes (e.g., well-being).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.