Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30419947›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2018

Expression quantitative trait loci in the developing human brain and their enrichment in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Heath E O'Brien, Eilis Hannon, Matthew J Hill, Carolina C Toste, Matthew J Robertson, Joanne E Morgan, Gemma McLaughlin, Cathryn M Lewis, Leonard C Schalkwyk, Lynsey S Hall and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
98citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
13.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

98 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
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  12. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Human Habenula in Schizophrenia.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Psychiatric Genomics 2025: State of the Art and the Path Forward.The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Heath E O'BrienMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Eilis HannonUniversity of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Matthew J HillMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Carolina C TosteMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Matthew J RobertsonMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Joanne E MorganMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Gemma McLaughlinInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Cathryn M LewisInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Leonard C SchalkwykSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
Lynsey S HallMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Antonio F PardiñasMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Michael J OwenMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Michael C O'DonovanMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Jonathan MillUniversity of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Nicholas J BrayMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. BrayN3@Cardiff.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-4357-574X
Cardiff University · GBKing's College London · GBUniversity of Exeter · GBUniversity of Essex · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0700089Medical Research Council MR/L010305/1Medical Research Council MR/L010674/1Medical Research Council MR/L010674/2Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 099175/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic influences on gene expression in the human fetal brain plausibly impact upon a variety of postnatal brain-related traits, including susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. However, to date, there have been no studies that have mapped genome-wide expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) specifically in the human prenatal brain.

resultsWe performed deep RNA sequencing and genome-wide genotyping on a unique collection of 120 human brains from the second trimester of gestation to provide the first eQTL dataset derived exclusively from the human fetal brain. We identify high confidence cis-acting eQTL at the individual transcript as well as whole gene level, including many mapping to a common inversion polymorphism on chromosome 17q21. Fetal brain eQTL are enriched among risk variants for postnatal conditions including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. We further identify changes in gene expression within the prenatal brain that potentially mediate risk for neuropsychiatric traits, including increased expression of C4A in association with genetic risk for schizophrenia, increased expression of LRRC57 in association with genetic risk for bipolar disorder, and altered expression of multiple genes within the chromosome 17q21 inversion in association with variants influencing the personality trait of neuroticism.

conclusionsWe have mapped eQTL operating in the human fetal brain, providing evidence that these confer risk to certain neuropsychiatric disorders, and identifying gene expression changes that potentially mediate susceptibility to these conditions.

Indexed as

Genetic MarkersGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait LociBipolar DisorderBrainChromosome MappingFemaleFetusGene Expression RegulationGenome-Wide Association StudyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansMalePhenotypeSchizophreniaGenetic Markers

Identifiers

PMID30419947
PMCPMC6231252
OpenAlexW2896373813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.