ReviewCell transplantation2019
Historical Review: Opiate Addiction and Opioid Receptors.
Review in Cell transplantation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral and Long-acting Injectable Aripiprazole in Severe Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity: An Updated Systematic Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Probiotics-role in alleviating the impact of alcohol liver disease and alcohol deaddiction: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review of the distribution of take-home naloxone in low- and middle-income countries and barriers to the implementation of take-home naloxone programs.Harm reduction journal · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of opioid receptor modulators in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Dexmedetomidine for Analgesia in Nonintubated Patients With Traumatic Rib Fractures: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA surgery · 2025Trial
- Association ofRadiology and oncology · 2023Trial
- Opioid Pain Medication Use in Athletes.Cureus · 2026Review
- An Individualized, Interdisciplinary Approach to the Perioperative Care of Patients on Buprenorphine.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Reducing Buprenorphine Misinformation as a Strategy to Improve Adoption in Primary Care.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Evaluating FABP5 as a Therapeutic Target for Pain Management.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Review
- The Interaction Between Mental Distress and Opioid Maintenance Treatment Impacts Levels of Circulating Cytokines.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Peer Prescriber Support Strategies to Increase Buprenorphine Prescribing in Primary Care.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Modulation of immune responses by opioids through toll-like and P2X receptor signaling in COVID-19.Purinergic signalling · 2026Review
- Evidence, Mechanisms and Prospects for Gut Microbiota as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Alcohol Use Disorder.Microbiota and host · 2026Article
- The effects of sleep disturbances on patients receiving methadone treatment for opioid use disorder: cortical thickness evidence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Chemokine CCL2 Mediates Neuroglial Crosstalk and Drives Chronic Pain Pathogenesis.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Review
- Article
- Complex opioid driven modulation of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in a GABAergic brain nucleus associated with emotion, reward and addiction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Hostility is Associated with Interferon γ Inducible Protein 10 in Opioid Maintenance Treatment Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Research progress on the impact of opioids on the tumor immune microenvironment (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs), defined as a collection of symptoms including tolerance and withdrawal, are chronic illnesses characterized by relapse and remission. In the United States, billions of dollars have been lost due to SUDs. In the past 30 years, effective medications and behavioral interventions have played a major role in preventing relapse and facilitating longer periods of abstinence. From the late 1990s to the present, the opioid epidemic or opioid crisis in the United States has raised public awareness of SUDs. Methadone, buprenorphine, and naloxone have proven their effectiveness in treating addicted individuals, and each of them has different effects on different opioid receptors. Methadone and buprenorphine target mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the brain to treat opioid dependence by reducing withdrawal and craving, whereas naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to treat opioid overdose. Mu, kappa, and delta are opioid receptor subtypes with common analgesic effects, and each also has unique effects and distribution in the brain. MORs in distinct brain regions, such as the nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala, trigger the euphoria and incentive properties of rewarding stimuli. Kappa opioid receptors can trigger anti-reward effects and produce dysphoric effects. Delta opioid receptors can induce anxiolytic effects. Though effective medications are available, relapse is still common due to neurobiological changes in brain pathways and tolerance of opioid receptors with repeated abuse of substances. In this article, I summarize the biological mechanisms of opioid dependence and opioid receptors and review previous articles about medications used to treat SUDs and their clinical effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.