ArticleNeuro-oncology2018
Estimating survival for renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastases: an update of the Renal Graded Prognostic Assessment tool.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Guideline
- Development and adaptations of the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) scale: a systematic review.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2023Pooled it
- Radionecrosis risk and local control after CyberKnifeRadiation oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Prognostic Factors Impacting Surgical Resection Outcomes in Elderly Patients With Brain Metastasis.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Tailored radiotherapy for brain metastases improves precision and outcomes.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: results from a single-center retrospective analysis.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Article
- Prognostication of Brain-Metastasized Patients Receiving Subsequent Systemic Therapy: A Single-Center Long-Term Follow-Up.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Stereotactic Body Therapy for Urologic Cancers-What the Urologist Needs to Know.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Metastatic Kidney Cancer: Does the Location of the Metastases Matter? Moving towards Personalized Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Multimodal Treatments for Brain Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Multicentric Retrospective Study.Cancers · 2023Article
- Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Metastatic MiT Family Translocation Renal Cell Carcinomas.The oncologist · 2022Article
- Recent Update on Neurosurgical Management of Brain Metastasis.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2022Review
- ADC textural features in patients with single brain metastases improve clinical risk models.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2022Article
- The Clinical Frailty Scale as useful tool in patients with brain metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- Intracranial Metastatic Disease: Present Challenges, Future Opportunities.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Stereotactic radiosurgery results for brain metastasis patients with renal cancer: A validity study of Renal Graded Prognostic Assessment and proposal of a new grading index (JLGK2101 Study).Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2022Article
- Neurosurgical resection for locally recurrent brain metastasis.Neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Validation of the updated renal graded prognostic assessment (GPA) for patients with renal cancer brain metastases treated with gamma knife radiosurgery.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
28 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Brain metastases are a common complication of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our group previously published the Renal Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) tool. In our prior RCC study (n = 286, 1985-2005), we found marked heterogeneity and variation in outcomes. In our recent update in a larger, more contemporary cohort, we identified additional significant prognostic factors. The purpose of this study is to update the original Renal-GPA based on the newly identified prognostic factors. Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective institutional review board-approved database of 711 RCC patients with new brain metastases diagnosed from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2015 was created. Clinical parameters and treatment were correlated with survival. A revised Renal GPA index was designed by weighting the most significant factors in proportion to their hazard ratios and assigning scores such that the patients with the best and worst prognoses would have a GPA of 4.0 and 0.0, respectively. Results: The 4 most significant factors were Karnofsky performance status, number of brain metastases, extracranial metastases, and hemoglobin. The overall median survival was 12 months. Median survival for GPA groups 0-1.0, 1.5-2.0, 2.5-3, and 3.5-4.0 (% n = 25, 27, 30 and 17) was 4, 12, 17, and 35 months, respectively. Conclusion: The updated Renal GPA is a user-friendly tool that will help clinicians and patients better understand prognosis, individualize clinical decision making and treatment selection, provide a means to compare retrospective literature, and provide more robust stratification of future clinical trials in this heterogeneous population. To simplify use of this tool in daily practice, a free online application is available at brainmetgpa.com.
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