ArticleJournal of Crohn's & colitis2019
The Profile of Human Milk Metabolome, Cytokines, and Antibodies in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Versus Healthy Mothers, and Potential Impact on the Newborn.
Article in Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Breast Milk Immunoglobulinome.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Intrauterine Exposure to Biologics in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review.Drugs · 2020Pooled it
- Transfer of monoclonal antibodies into breastmilk in neurologic and non-neurologic diseases.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2020Pooled it
- Casein and Whey Protein in the Breast Milk Ratio: Could It Promote Protein Metabolism Enhancement in Physically Active Adults?Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Adiposity-dependent adipokine-immunoglobulin interplay in mature breast milk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- SCFAs' pleiotropic role in pathogenesis and salutogenesis: mechanisms in exacerbation and regulation of inflammation and fibrosis from gut to host.Journal of medical microbiology · 2026Review
- Soluble CD14 promotes Th17 expansion and differentiation through gamma-aminobutyric acid and expands infidel innate lymphoid cells.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- A model of early-life interactions between the gut microbiome and adaptive immunity provides insights into the ontogeny of immune tolerance.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in milk of women receiving anti-TNF antibody.Pediatric research · 2025Observational
- Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in Breast Milk of Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Correlation With Disease Activity and Medical Treatments.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Article
- Vedolizumab Does Not Affect Antibody Secreting Cell Recruitment to the Lactating Mammary Gland of Mothers With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Article
- Management of Crohn's disease in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023.Intestinal research · 2024Article
- The Role of Coinhibitory Receptors in B Cell Dysregulation in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals with Severe Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Comparison of canine colostrum and milk using a multi-omics approach.Animal microbiome · 2024Article
- Metabolomic and immune alterations in long COVID patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Systematic review of metabolomic alterations in ulcerative colitis: unveiling key metabolic signatures and pathways.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2024Review
- An Overview of the Influence of Breastfeeding on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Nurturing the Gut, Moms with IBD and Their Babies.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023Article
- Influence of Early Life Factors, including breast milk Composition, on the Microbiome of Infants Born to Mothers with and without Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2023Article
- The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsFor women with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], it is not very well known how IBD or IBD treatment affects their breast milk components. We aimed to investigate whether breast milk composition differs in healthy control [HC] versus IBD mothers in terms of antibodies, cytokines, and metabolite,s to identify potential impact of IBD breast milk on neonatal immune system.
methodsBreast milk specimens from HC [n = 17] and IBD [n = 31 for Crohn's disease [CD]; and n = 41 for ulcerative colitis [UC]; were collected at 3 and 6 months postpartum [PP3] and [PP6], respectively. Faecal samples were also collected. Cytokines and immunoglobulins [IgA/IgG/IgE] were analysed by multiplex Meso Scale Discovery [MSD] and commercial kits. Moreover, breast milk metabolites were analysed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR].
resultsWe found that breast milk from IBD mothers showed significantly lower levels of IgA, sugar metabolite [lactose], and 2-aminobutyrate. In contrast, we observed that breast milk from mothers with IBD had increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and higher energy metabolites [lactate and succinate] than milk from healthy mothers. In addition, we noticed that the type of treatment [5-aminosalicylic acid versus biologics] influenced the milk cytokines and metabolites profile.
conclusionsThe reduction in immunoprotective components of IBD breast milk such as sIgA and lactose theoretically may modulate the potential protective effects of breastfeeding. On the other hand, presence of higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, lactate, and succinate may predispose the offspring to an inflammatory condition or impact on the gut microbiome. Better understanding of the role of succinate in infants and its potential effects on microbiome or mucosal immunity merits further investigations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.