Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30416625›Full record

ArticlePharmacy practice

Assessing pet owner and veterinarian perceptions of need for veterinary compounding services in a community pharmacy setting.

Shelby A Bennett, Janelle F Ruisinger, Emily S Prohaska, Katelyn M Steele, Brittany L Melton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacy practice. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shelby A BennettClinical Staff Pharmacist. Cherokee Main Street Pharmacy. Cherokee, IA (United States). [At the time study was conducted: PGY1 Community-Based Pharmacy Resident. Balls Food Stores - Price Chopper Pharmacy. Overland Park, KS. (United States).] SAB59785@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1456-984X
Janelle F RuisingerClinical Professor. School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas. Kansas City, KS (United States). jruisinger@kumc.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1147-5250
Emily S ProhaskaClinical Pharmacist. Balls Food Stores - Hen House Pharmacy. Olathe, KS (United States). emily.prohaska@ballsfoods.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3288-0930
Katelyn M SteeleClinical Pharmacist. Landmark Health. Overland Park, KS (United States). [At the time study was conducted: Pharmacist-in-Charge. Balls Food Stores - Price Chopper Pharmacy. Overland Park, KS (United States). katelyn.steele@ballsfoods.com.ORCID 0000-0001-6671-9753
Brittany L MeltonAssistant Professor. School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas. Kansas City, KS (United States). bmelton2@kumc.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6994-753X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPets, pet owners (referred to as clients in veterinary medicine and throughout this article), veterinarians, and community pharmacies may all benefit from veterinary compounding services provided in community pharmacies, but the benefits of this service are not well-documented in the literature.

objectivesThis study identified perceived benefits and barriers and evaluated the need for veterinary compounding services in community pharmacies; it also evaluated current business practices related to veterinary compounding services.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was administered to three groups: 1) clients who filled a pet prescription at a study pharmacy, 2) clients who had not filled pet prescriptions, and 3) local veterinarians. Eligible participants were 18 or older; clients must have owned a pet in the past five years. The surveys collected demographic information and assessed benefits, barriers, need, and business practices regarding veterinary compounding services. Demographics were evaluated through descriptive statistics. Responses to Likert-scale items were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Qualitative responses were assessed for emerging themes.

resultsOne hundred eighteen clients and 15 veterinarians participated in the study. Seventy-two of 116 clients (62%) and eight of 10 veterinarians (80%) agreed that clients would benefit from veterinary compounds provided in community pharmacies. Only 40% of veterinarians agreed that community pharmacists have the knowledge to compound pet medications, compared to 67% of clients (P=0.010). Similarly, 47% of veterinarians agreed that community pharmacists have the skills to compound pet medications, compared to 72% of clients (P=0.016). Forty-eight of 118 clients (41%) would travel 10 miles or more out of their way for veterinary compounding services at community pharmacies.

conclusionsThis study assessed client and veterinarian perceptions of veterinary compounding service benefits, barriers, and need in community pharmacies. Clients identified more opportunities for veterinary compounding services in community pharmacies when compared to veterinarians. Both groups identified a need for veterinary compounding services and agreed community pharmacies providing these services would benefit pets and clients.

Indexed as

AttitudesCommunity Pharmacy ServicesDrug CompoundingHealth KnowledgeKansasPetsPharmaciesPharmacistsPracticeSurveys and QuestionnairesVeterinarians

Identifiers

PMID30416625
PMCPMC6207356

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.