Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30416350›Full record

ArticleSaudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society2018

Drug shortages in Saudi Arabia: Root causes and recommendations.

Yazed S Alruthia, Monira Alwhaibi, Mashal F Alotaibi, Shatha A Asiri, Bushra M Alghamdi, Ghadah S Almuaythir, Wejdan R Alsharif, Hala H Alrasheed, Yahya A Alswayeh, Abdulaziz J Alotaibi and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Sterile injectable products shortage in Saudi Arabia: a survey-based cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Patient satisfaction with Saudi community pharmacy services (Wasfaty System).Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Local causes of essential medicines shortages from the perspective of supply chain professionals in Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023
    Article
  12. Current and future prospective of pharmaceutical manufacturing in Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Localizing pharmaceuticals manufacturing and its impact on drug security in Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022
    Review
  18. Community Pharmacy Staff Knowledge, Opinion and Practice toward Drug Shortages in Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Yazed S AlruthiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Monira AlwhaibiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mashal F AlotaibiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Shatha A AsiriDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Bushra M AlghamdiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ghadah S AlmuaythirDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Wejdan R AlsharifDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hala H AlrasheedDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Yahya A AlswayehGeneral Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz J AlotaibiDepartment of Medical Supply, General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad AlmeshalFormer Chief Executive Officer of the Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saleh N AldekhailPharmaceutical Care Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard-Health Affairs, Ministry of National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman AlhusainiDepartment of Supply Chain Management, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman A AlrashedDepartment of Medical Supply, Medical Services for Armed Forces, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ali M AlrumaihDepartment of Pharmaceutical Care, Medical Services for Armed Forces, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed A DahhasDepartment of Inspection and Law Enforcement, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed A AlghamdiDepartment of Contracts and Purchasing, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad S AleheidibNational Antivenom and Vaccines Production Center, Ministry of National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed H AlhaidariFormer Head of Drug Central Registration Department and Executive Board, Health Ministers' Council for Cooperation Council States, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jameel A AlharbiDepartment of Pricing and Pharmacoeconomics, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Aws AlshamsanNanomedicine Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drug shortages are a multifaceted problem that has been recurring in Saudi Arabia over the past decade with its significant negative impact on patient care. However, there is a dearth of evidence about possible domestic reasons, if any, behind this recurring problem. Recently, the Pharmacy Education Unit at King Saud University College of Pharmacy has called for a meeting with multiple stakeholders from academia, pharmaceutical care, pharmaceutical industry, purchasing and planning, and regulatory bodies to unveil the root domestic causes of the drug shortages in the Kingdom. Four major topics were used to guide the discussion in this meeting, including: current situation of drug shortages in Saudi Arabia, major factors contributing to drug shortages, challenges and obstacles to improve drug supply, and stakeholders' recommendations to manage drug shortages. The meeting was audio-recorded and transcribed into verbatim by five authors. The text was then reviewed and analyzed to identify different themes by the first and third authors. Multiple causes were identified and several recommendations were proposed. The main domestic causes of drug shortages that were explored in this study included poor medication supply chain management, lack of government regulation that mandates early notification of drug shortages, a government procurement policy that does not keep pace with the changes in the pharmaceutical market, low profit margins of some essential drugs, weak and ineffective law-violation penalties against pharmaceutical companies and licensed drug importers and distributors, and overdependence on drug imports. The participants have also proposed multiple recommendations to address drug shortages. Policy makers should consider these factors that contribute to drug shortages in Saudi Arabia as well as the recommendations when designing future initiatives and interventions to prevent drug shortages.

Indexed as

DrugsPatient safetyShortage

Identifiers

PMID30416350
PMCPMC6218331

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.