Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30415637›Full record

Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2019

Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer.

JoAnn E Manson, Nancy R Cook, I-Min Lee, William Christen, Shari S Bassuk, Samia Mora, Heike Gibson, Christine M Albert, David Gordon, Trisha Copeland and 8 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 462 papers, 21 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
462citing papers in PubMed, 21 pooled it
68.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01169259 phase3active not recruitingnot on this map

Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL)

TypeinterventionalSponsorBrigham and Women's HospitalRan2010 to 2026Enrolled25,871ConditionsCancer, Cardiovascular DiseaseArmsvitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil), Vitamin D3 placebo, Fish oil placebo
NCT06129526 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Study of the Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) on Markers of Atherothrombosis in Patients With Type-2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of IoanninaRan2023 to 2024Enrolled450ConditionsDiabetes Type 2, Hypertriglyceridemia, Diabetes MellitusArmsEPAVasc, Corn Oil
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

462 citing papers in PubMed, 21 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 940 citations in OpenAlex.

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402 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

JoAnn E MansonFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Nancy R CookFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
I-Min LeeFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
William ChristenFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Shari S BassukFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Samia MoraFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Heike GibsonFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Christine M AlbertFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
David GordonFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Trisha CopelandFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Denise D'AgostinoFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Georgina FriedenbergFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Claire RidgeFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Vadim BubesFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Edward L GiovannucciFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Walter C WillettFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
Julie E BuringFrom the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (J.E.M., N.R.C., I-M.L., W.C., S.S.B., S.M., H.G., C.M.A., D.G., T.C., D.D., G.F., C.R., V.B., E.L.G., W.C.W., J.E.B.), and the Departments of Epidemiology (J.E.M., N.R.C., I.-M.L., W.C.W., J.E.B.) and Nutrition (E.L.G., W.C.W.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - all in Boston.
VITAL Research Group
Harvard University · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

VITamin D and omegA-3 triaL (VITAL)U01CA138962 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., MANSON, JOANN ELISABETH · 2009 to 2014
$23.6M
The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL)R01CA138962 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., MANSON, JOANN ELISABETH · 2015 to 2019
$20.9M
VITAL-DEP: Depression Endpoint Prevention in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaLR01MH091448 · NIMH · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI OKEREKE, OLIVIA IFEOMA · 2010 to 2019
$6.5M
Vitamin D and Fish Oil for Autoimmune Disease, Inflammation and Joint PainR01AR059086 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI COSTENBADER, KAREN H · 2010 to 2021
$5.4M
The VITAL Rhythm StudyR01HL116690 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ALBERT, CHRISTINE M · 2013 to 2020
$3.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA138962NCI NIH HHS U01 CA138962NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL116690NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR059086NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091448
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigher intake of marine n-3 (also called omega-3) fatty acids has been associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular disease and cancer in several observational studies. Whether supplementation with n-3 fatty acids has such effects in general populations at usual risk for these end points is unclear.

methodsWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, with a two-by-two factorial design, of vitamin D

resultsA total of 25,871 participants, including 5106 black participants, underwent randomization. During a median follow-up of 5.3 years, a major cardiovascular event occurred in 386 participants in the n-3 group and in 419 in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.06; P=0.24). Invasive cancer was diagnosed in 820 participants in the n-3 group and in 797 in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.13; P=0.56). In the analyses of key secondary end points, the hazard ratios were as follows: for the expanded composite end point of cardiovascular events, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.82 to 1.04); for total myocardial infarction, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.59 to 0.90); for total stroke, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.83 to 1.31); for death from cardiovascular causes, 0.96 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.21); and for death from cancer (341 deaths from cancer), 0.97 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.20). In the analysis of death from any cause (978 deaths overall), the hazard ratio was 1.02 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.15). No excess risks of bleeding or other serious adverse events were observed.

conclusionsSupplementation with n-3 fatty acids did not result in a lower incidence of major cardiovascular events or cancer than placebo. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; VITAL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01169259 .).

Indexed as

AgedCardiovascular DiseasesFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsTreatment FailureFatty Acids, Omega-3

Identifiers

PMID30415637
PMCPMC6392053
OpenAlexW2899720772

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.