ArticleClinical oral investigations2019
Macrophage behavior and interplay with gingival fibroblasts cultured on six commercially available titanium, zirconium, and titanium-zirconium dental implants.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review comparing the macrophage inflammatory response to hydrophobic and hydrophilic sandblasted large grit, acid-etched titanium or titanium-zirconium surfaces during in vitro studies.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2023Pooled it
- Early Microbiological and Immunological Parameters in Sandblasted, Large-Grit Acid-Etched Implant Surfaces: A Split Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical oral implants research · 2026Trial
- Cellular Responses at the Zirconia Dental Implant Interface: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Surface modifications of titanium dental implants: optimizing antibacterial activity and osteoimmunomodulation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Inducing macrophage M2-Type polarization via anodized anisotropic TiOBMC oral health · 2025Article
- Synergistic exacerbation of periprosthetic osteolysis by inflammatory bowel disease and titanium ions: Impaired osteogenesis of BMSCs via PI3K/AKT signaling.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Peri-implant diseases triggered by oral microdysbiosis: pathogenesis and precision intervention strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Machine Learning Approach to Investigating Macrophage Polarization on Various Titanium Surface Characteristics.BME frontiers · 2025Article
- How Can Imbalance in Oral Microbiota and Immune Response Lead to Dental Implant Problems?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Preparation of human primary macrophages to study the polarization from monocyte-derived macrophages to pro- or anti-inflammatory macrophages at biomaterial interfaceJournal of dental sciences · 2023Article
- The integration of peri-implant soft tissues around zirconia abutments: Challenges and strategies.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Titanium Particles Modulate Lymphocyte and Macrophage Polarization in Peri-Implant Gingival Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Promoted Abutment-Soft Tissue Integration Around Self-Glazed Zirconia Surfaces with Nanotopography Fabricated by Additive 3D Gel Deposition.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Graphene Oxide Loaded on TiOInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to explore genes responsive toBioengineered · 2021Article
- Oral Tissue Interactions and Cellular Response to Zirconia Implant-Prosthetic Components: A Critical Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Surface characteristics on commercial dental implants differentially activate macrophages in vitro and in vivo.Clinical oral implants research · 2021Article
- Classical Dichotomy of Macrophages and Alternative Activation Models Proposed with Technological Progress.BioMed research international · 2021Review
- Immunological Aspects of Dental Implant Rejection.BioMed research international · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe host-material interface has been a crucial relationship dictating the successful integration of biomaterials, including dental implants. The aim of the present study was to first investigate how macrophages behaved on various dental implant surfaces and thereafter to investigate their effect on soft tissue cells. MATERIALS AND
methodsMacrophage adhesion, proliferation, and polarization towards either an M1 or M2 phenotype were investigated on six implant surfaces fabricated from pure titanium (Ti), pure zirconium (ZLA), and a titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zi) alloy of various surface topographies/chemistries. Thereafter, conditioned media (CM) collected from macrophages seeded on these various implant surfaces was cultured with murine gingival fibroblasts and investigated for their ability to promote collagen synthesis.
resultsMacrophages attached and proliferated in similar levels on all implant surfaces; however, the modSLA hydrophilic surfaces tended to decrease the pro-inflammatory response by lowering the gene expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 and promoting tissue resolution through the expression of an M2-macrophage cytokine IL-10. Thereafter, CM from macrophages were seeded with gingival fibroblasts on each implant surface. In general, CM from macrophages significantly promoted gingival fibroblast cell attachment on all implant surfaces at either 4 or 8 h and, most notably, significantly promoted fibronectin and TGF-beta gene expression on both Ti and Ti-Zi hydrophilic surfaces. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The present study found that implant surface topography and chemistry substantially impacted macrophage behavior. Most notably, modifications via hydrophilicity to both the pure Ti and Ti-Zi were shown to favor the secretion of macrophage pro-resolution markers and favored subsequent gingival fibroblast cell behavior when cultured with CM, whereas surface composition (Ti vs ZLA vs Ti-Zi) had little effect on macrophage polarization or gingival fibroblast behavior. This finding suggests that surface hydrophilicity would improve the soft tissue integration of dental implants, irrespective of material composition.
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