ReviewPsychopharmacology2019
Mechanisms of fear learning and extinction: synaptic plasticity-fear memory connection.
Review in Psychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of SSRI treatment on GABA and glutamate levels in an associative relearning paradigm.NeuroImage · 2021Trial
- Prior trauma shapes the effects of psilocybin on stress sensitization in mice.Neuroscience letters · 2026Article
- Chemogenetic activation of the medial prefrontal cortex alleviates the impaired extinction of fear memory through the increase in the binding of EGR1 and TET1 in an animal model of PTSD.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Chronic postoperative pain induces contextual fear extinction dysfunction through hippocampal NMDAR/BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in mice.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring individual differences in fear extinction in male and female mice: insights from HPA axis, microbiota, and transcriptomics.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The role of TRPV4 in acute sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment: Mechanisms of calcium dysregulation and synaptic plasticity disruption.Cell insight · 2025Article
- Virally mediated expression of a biologically active peptide to restrain the nuclear functions of ERK1/2 attenuates learning extinction but not acquisition.Molecular brain · 2025Article
- Pre-pandemic brain structure and COVID-19 fear: insights into posttraumatic stress and general distress.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Advances in fear memory erasure and its neural mechanisms.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Olfactory threat extinction in the piriform cortex: An age-dependent employment of NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The Basolateral Amygdala: The Core of a Network for Threat Conditioning, Extinction, and Second-Order Threat Conditioning.Biology · 2023Review
- Can RNA Affect Memory Modulation? Implications for PTSD Understanding and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A prolonged stress rat model recapitulates some PTSD-like changes in sleep and neuronal connectivity.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Neuropharmacological Modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate, Noradrenaline and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Fear Extinction Learning: Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Alleviating anxiety and taming trauma: Novel pharmacotherapeutics for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Exploring gene-drug interactions for personalized treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in the Effects of Cognitive Reappraisal Training on Conditioned Fear Responses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Targeting neuronal nitric oxide synthase and the nitrergic system in post-traumatic stress disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2022Review
- A proposed mechanism for the MDMA-mediated extinction of traumatic memories in PTSD patients treated with MDMA-assisted therapy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleThe ability to memorize threat-associated cues and subsequently react to them, exhibiting escape or avoidance responses, is an essential, often life-saving behavioral mechanism that can be experimentally studied using the fear (threat) conditioning training paradigm. Presently, there is substantial evidence supporting the Synaptic Plasticity-Memory (SPM) hypothesis in relation to the mechanisms underlying the acquisition, retention, and extinction of conditioned fear memory.
objectivesThe purpose of this review article is to summarize findings supporting the SPM hypothesis in the context of conditioned fear control, applying the set of criteria and tests which were proposed as necessary to causally link lasting changes in synaptic transmission in corresponding neural circuits to fear memory acquisition and extinction with an emphasis on their pharmacological diversity.
resultsThe mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in fear circuits exhibit complex pharmacological profiles and satisfy all four SPM criteria-detectability, anterograde alteration, retrograde alteration, and mimicry.
conclusionThe reviewed findings, accumulated over the last two decades, provide support for both necessity and sufficiency of synaptic plasticity in fear circuits for fear memory acquisition and retention, and, in part, for fear extinction, with the latter requiring additional experimental work.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.