ReviewEuropean radiology2019
Standardized assessment of the signal intensity increase on unenhanced T1-weighted images in the brain: the European Gadolinium Retention Evaluation Consortium (GREC) Task Force position statement.
Review in European radiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESR Essentials: gadolinium-wise MRI-practice recommendations by the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology.European radiology · 2025Guideline
- Active radiologist role in contrast administration during MRI follow-up of soft tissue sarcoma reduces gadolinium usage: a cost-saving analysis study.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Recommendations on the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in the diagnosis and monitoring of common adult intracranial tumours.European radiology · 2025Review
- Gadolinium toxicity: mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and nanoparticle role.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Article
- Use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in multiple sclerosis: a review by the ESMRMB-GREC and ESNR Multiple Sclerosis Working Group.European radiology · 2024Review
- Ten years of gadolinium retention and deposition: ESMRMB-GREC looks backward and forward.European radiology · 2024Review
- Stress Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Dentate-nucleus gadolinium deposition on magnetic resonance imaging: ultrasonographic and clinical correlates in multiple sclerosis patients.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Influence of aging and gadolinium exposure on T1, T2, and T2*-relaxation in healthy women with an increased risk of breast cancer with and without prior exposure to gadoterate meglumine at 3.0-T brain MR imaging.European radiology · 2022Article
- Absence of T1 Hyperintensity in the Brain of High-risk Patients After Multiple Administrations of High-dose Gadobutrol for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.Clinical neuroradiology · 2021Article
- Automated workflow for volumetric assessment of signal intensity ratio on T1-weighted MR images after multiple gadolinium administrations.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2021Article
- Gadolinium Deposition Safety: Seeking the Patient's Perspective.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2020Article
- Gadolinium deposition in the brain of dogs after multiple intravenous administrations of linear gadolinium based contrast agents.PloS one · 2020Article
- Gadolinium Retention as a Safety Signal: Experience of a Manufacturer.Investigative radiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After the initial report in 2014 on T1-weighted (T1w) hyperintensity of deep brain nuclei following serial injections of linear gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), a multitude of studies on the potential of the marketed GBCAs to cause T1w hyperintensity in the brain have been published. The vast majority of these studies found a signal intensity (SI) increase for linear GBCAs in the brain-first and foremost in the dentate nucleus-while no SI increase was found for macrocyclic GBCAs. However, the scientific debate about this finding is kept alive by the fact that SI differences do not unequivocally represent the amount of gadolinium retained. Since the study design of the SI measurement in various brain structures is relatively simple, MRI studies investigating gadolinium-dependent T1w hyperintensity are currently conducted at multiple institutions worldwide. However, methodological mistakes may result in flawed conclusions. In this position statement, we assess the methodological basis of the published retrospective studies and define quality standards for future studies to give guidance to the scientific community and to help identify studies with potentially flawed methodology and misleading results. KEY POINTS: • A multitude of studies has been published on the potential of the marketed GBCAs to cause T1w hyperintensity in the brain. • The gadolinium-dependent T1w hyperintensity in the brain depends on patient's history, types of GBCAs used (i.e., linear vs. macrocyclic GBCAs) and MR imaging setup and protocols. • Quality standards for the design of future studies are needed to standardize methodology and avoid potentially misleading results from retrospective studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.