ArticleBMC public health2018
Impaired growth in rural Gambian infants exposed to aflatoxin: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of adverse health effects associated with mycotoxin exposure.Environment international · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review with meta-analysis of the relation of aflatoxin B1 to growth impairment in infants/children.BMC pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Agricultural and nutritional education interventions for reducing aflatoxin exposure to improve infant and child growth in low- and middle-income countries.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Human Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Blood, Plasma and Serum in Recent Years: A Review.Toxins · 2020Pooled it
- Aligning private incentives with societal goals in smallholder agriculture.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Aflatoxins and Human Health: Global Exposure, Disease Burden, and One Health Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Comparison of Aflatoxin Contamination and Dietary Exposure From Complementary Foods Among Rural Tanzanian Infants Enrolled in the Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- The Difficulties in Demonstrating That Aflatoxin Reduction Improves Stunting in Developing World Regions.Toxins · 2026Review
- The economic crisis in Lebanon and adolescent nutritional health: a multi-mycotoxin exposure and risk assessment of stunting and thinness.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Human biomonitoring of mycotoxins: key challenges and future directions.Mycotoxin research · 2025Review
- Evaluation of safety and health risk characterization of some baby foods in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Aflatoxin Exposure in Immunocompromised Patients: Current State and Future Perspectives.Toxins · 2025Review
- Higher plasma AFB1 concentration is associated with increased risk of HPV 16 and HPV 18 detection and persistence among Ugandan women.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Effects of aflatoxin and fumonisin on gene expression of growth factors and inflammation-related genes in a human hepatocyte cell line.Mutagenesis · 2024Article
- Child Aflatoxin Exposure is Associated with Poor Child Growth Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Rural Malawi.Current developments in nutrition · 2023Article
- Association of plasma aflatoxin with persistent detection of oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical samples from Kenyan women enrolled in a longitudinal study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Occurrence of mycotoxins and microbial communities in artisanal infant flours marketed in Côte d'Ivoire.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Mycoviruses in Fungi: Carcinogenesis of Fungal Agents May Not Always Be Mycotoxin Related.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Association of Plasma Aflatoxin With Persistent Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses in Cervical Samples From Kenyan Women Enrolled in a Longitudinal Study.Research square · 2023Article
- New perspectives in application of kidney biomarkers in mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity, with a particular focus on domestic pigs.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExposure to aflatoxin, a mycotoxin produced by fungi that commonly contaminates cereal crops across sub-Saharan Africa, has been associated with impaired child growth. We investigated the impact of aflatoxin exposure on the growth of Gambian infants from birth to two years of age, and the impact on insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis proteins.
methodsA subsample (N = 374) of infants from the Early Nutrition and Immune Development (ENID) trial (ISRCTN49285450) were included in this study. Aflatoxin-albumin adducts (AF-alb) were measured in blood collected from infants at 6, 12 and 18 months of age. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were measured in blood collected at 12 and 18 months. Anthropometric measurements taken at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of age were converted to z-scores against the WHO reference. The relationship between aflatoxin exposure and growth was analysed using multi-level modelling.
resultsInverse relationships were observed between lnAF-alb and length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length (WLZ) z-scores from 6 to 18 months of age (β = - 0·04, P = 0·015; β = - 0·05, P = 0.003; β = - 0·06, P = 0·007; respectively). There was an inverse relationship between lnAF-alb at 6 months and change in WLZ between 6 and 12 months (β = - 0·01; P = 0·013). LnAF-alb at 12 months was associated with changes in LAZ and infant length between 12 and 18 months of age (β = - 0·01, P = 0·003; β = - 0·003, P = 0·02; respectively). LnAF-alb at 6 months was associated with IGFBP-3 at 12 months (r = - 0·12; P = 0·043).
conclusionsThis study found a small but significant effect of aflatoxin exposure on the growth of Gambian infants. This relationship is not apparently explained by aflatoxin induced changes in the IGF-axis.
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