Observational studyPloS one2018
Geographic filling delay of the choriocapillaris in the region of dilated asymmetric vortex veins in central serous chorioretinopathy.
Observational study in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Choroidal vascularity index in different types of central serous chorioretinopathy: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Patterns of Choroidal Configuration in Pachychoroid Spectrum Disease.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Longitudinal and cross-sectional study of retinal and choroidal changes in primary aldosteronism.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Choroidal vascular biomarkers for macular neovascularization in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: insights from widefield indocyanine green angiography.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Analysis of the therapeutic effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment based on indocyanine green angiographic staining patterns in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal polarization diversity optical coherence tomography before and after photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a prospective clinical study.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Article
- Widefield Analysis of Choroidal Vascular Characteristics in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy With Different Choroidal Vein Drainage System.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- A deep learning-based pachychoroid index based on choroidal image patterns of central serous chorioretinopathy using enhanced-depth-imaging optical coherence tomography.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Reduction in choroidal thickness associated with the progression of pachychoroid spectrum diseases.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Choroidal circulation time by wide-field indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Structural changes in vortex vein ampullae in eyes with pachychoroid-spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Wide-field indocyanine green fluorescein angiography findings in inferior posterior staphyloma.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Choroidal and Choriocapillaris OCT-A Analysis in Patients Affected by Active Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Age related grid-wise spatial analysis of choroidal parameters in well characterised healthy population.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Quantitative assessment of intervortex anastomosis in central serous chorioretinopathy and fellow eyes: Does the size of anastomotic vessels matter for the diagnosis?Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- Choroidal venous overload in Vogt‒Koyanagi‒Harada disease.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Pathogenesis of Pachyvein Formation in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Hydrodynamic Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Attenuation of irradiated choroid and its regional vortex veins in central serous chorioretinopathy after photodynamic therapy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Extensive reduction in choroidal thickness after photodynamic therapy in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- En-face optical coherence tomography hyperreflective foci of choriocapillaris in central serous chorioretinopathy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the correlation between geographic filling delays in the choriocapillaris using indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) images and dilated vortex veins in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).
designObservational case series.
participantsThirty-two eyes of 32 patients, 21 with acute and 11 with chronic CSC.
methodsDigital ICGA and fluorescein angiography (FA), with videoangiography, and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for B-scan and en-face choroidal imaging were performed. Overlapping of the filling delay areas in the choriocapillaris in the early-phase ICGA images and the region of dilated vortex veins in the en-face images were analyzed. The consistency of both areas was graded as follows. Grade 3: filling delay area is entirely involved in the dilated vortex vein region. Grade 2: 50% or more of filling delay area overlaps with the dilated vortex vein region. Grade 1: less than 50% of filling delay area overlaps with the dilated vortex vein region. Grade 0: no tendency for overlapping of two areas. We evaluated the asymmetry of upper and lower vortex veins in en-face images of the Haller layer. Using the binarization method, we quantified the luminal and stromal areas of the choroid. The ratios of the Haller layer area and luminal areas in the Haller layer to total choroidal area were examined.
resultsThe consistency of overlapping of the two areas was grade 2.62 ± 0.49 in acute CSC and grade 1.55 ± 0.78 in chronic CSC (p = 0.0005). Asymmetry of upper and lower vortex veins was seen in 17 of 22 eyes (81%) with acute CSC and 6 of 11 eyes (54.5%) with chronic CSC (p = 0.114). Central choroidal thickness was 411 ± 79 μm in acute CSC and 326 ± 64 μm in chronic CSC (p = 0.004). In the posterior fundus with a 4500 μm diameter, the ratio of the Haller layer area to total choroidal area was 63.7 ± 8.6% in acute CSC and 57.1 ± 7.9% in chronic CSC (p = 0.047). The ratio of the luminal area in the Haller layer area to total choroidal area was 46.9 ± 7.6% in acute CSC and 40.0 ± 6.9% in chronic CSC (p = 0.014).
conclusionFilling delay areas in the choriocapillaris and dilated vortex vein regions showed marked overlapping in acute CSC. Increased choroidal thickness was attributed to dilated vortex veins. These findings suggest that the blood flow into the choriocapillaris is delayed as a result of congestion of the dominant vortex veins that supply this geographic area. CSC may be a disease characterized by vortex vein congestion that develops in eyes with asymmetric vortex veins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.