SynthesisJournal of global health2018
Global and regional estimates of the morbidity due to type I diabetes among children aged 0-4 years: a systematic review and analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of global health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diminished Hepatitis B Antibody Response in Pediatrics With Type 1 Diabetes; the Need for Revaccination Protocol: A Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Italy: A Scoping Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Erratum: Article Correction: We Are on the Verge of Breakthrough Cures for Type 1 Diabetes, but Who Are the 2 Million Americans Who Have It?Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2025Article
- Quality of Life and Glucose Regulation in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Study in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- We Are on the Verge of Breakthrough Cures for Type 1 Diabetes, but Who Are the 2 Million Americans Who Have It?Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2024Article
- Cytomorphometric Analysis of Exfoliated Buccal Mucosal Cells and DNA Repair Proficiency in Peripheral Lymphocytes in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics of 683 children and adolescents, aged 0-18 years, newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Henan Province: a single-center study.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes and Gut Microbiota Role.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Increasing trend of type 1 diabetes incidence in the pediatric population of the Calabria region in 2019-2021.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Diabetes in Youth: A Global Perspective.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Microbiota in pancreatic health and disease: the next frontier in microbiome research.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEpidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among children aged 0-4 years globally is not well understood. We aim to assess the incidence of T1DM in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) by conducting a systematic review of previous reports. We also aim to address possible contribution to child mortality and to identify any temporal trends.
methodsA systematic review was performed using a carefully designed search strategy to explore MEDLINE, EMBASE and Global Health databases. Data was extracted from all studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria -a total of 83 records extracted from 26 830 sources that were analysed. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) process to assess quality of evidence and applied meta-analysis approaches to assess global and regional incidence and time trends.
resultsThe overall pooled incidence of T1DM in children aged 0-4 years globally is 11.2 (95% CI = 10.0-12.3) per 100 000 child years. The regional incidence were the highest for European Region A (EUR A) at 15.5 (95% CI = 13.5-17.5) per 100 000 child years. EUR C had the incidence of 10.0 (95% CI = 6.5-13.6) and EUR B 5.8 (95% CI = 4.7-7.0), Region of the Americas A (AMR A) 11.4 (95% CI = 7.8-14.9), AMR B of 2.5 (95% CI = 0.2-4.8), Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR B) 7.1 (95% CI = 4.2-10.0) and Western Pacific Region (WPR A) 7.0 (95% CI = 2.9-11.0) per 100 000 child years, while other regions had very low rates or no data. When data points were categorised in the study periods and re-analysed, an increasing trend of the T1DM incidence was observed, with the incidence of 20.9 (95% CI = 7.8-34.1) per 100 000 child years in the years 2010-2015, preceded by 13.2 (95% CI = 11.0-15.5) in 2000-2009 study period, 10.0 (95% CI = 8.4-11.7) in 1990-1999 and 8.3 (95% CI = 5.1-11.6) in 1980-1989, respectively. Although the data are scarce, and variation and uncertainty are large, we estimated that the number of new cases of T1DM among children aged 0-4 years in the world each year is between 100 000 and 150 000.
conclusionsThe identified large variation in incidence estimates for different parts of the world, along with scarcity of information and the identified strong temporal increase in T1DM incidence suggest a clear need for further research into this subject.
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