ArticleAlcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)2019
Ethanol→Nicotine & Nicotine→Ethanol drug-sequence discriminations: Conditional stimulus control with two interoceptive drug elements in rats.
Article in Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Self-administration of ethanol (E) and nicotine (N) occurs frequently in tandem orders (i.e., N→E vs. E→N) and thereby produces differing interoceptive profiles of subjective effects in humans. If the interoceptive stimulus characteristics of N→E differ from E→N, it is possible that such differences contribute to their co-dependence. The rationale for the present investigation was to determine whether ethanol, when preceded or followed by nicotine, produces different discriminative stimulus effects in rats. In two experiments, using a one-manipulandum operant drug discrimination procedure, rats were trained to discriminate temporal sequential administrations of ethanol (1.0 g/kg) that was followed or preceded by nicotine (0.3 mg/kg). Sessions alternated between food-reinforcement sessions on a variable interval 30-sec schedule (i.e., S
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