ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
Sex differences in HIV-associated cognitive impairment.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex Differences in Neurocognitive Function in Adults with HIV: Patterns, Predictors, and Mechanisms.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Microglial reactivity and nodule formation are associated with Synaptodendritic damage in the brains of people with HIV-1.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Objectifying persistent subjective cognitive impairment following COVID-19 infection: cross-sectional data from an outpatient memory-clinic in Germany.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Osteopontin knockdown reverses HIV-induced cognitive deficits and influences motivation-related behavior.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Cognitive predictors of everyday functioning in women with HIV: findings from the women's interagency HIV study.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Sex-specific mitochondrial DNA changes in neuron-derived extracellular vesicles of African American adults: impact of HIV infection and smoking.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Article
- Plasma Biomarkers and Cognitive Decline in HIV: Findings from Two U.S. Cohorts.TouchREVIEWS in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Does cognitive intra-individual variability predict change in everyday functioning performance in women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study?Applied neuropsychology. Adult · 2024Article
- Nicotine is an Immunosuppressant: Implications for Women's Health and Disease.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Review
- Acute Effects of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor ABX1431 on Neuronal Hyperexcitability, Nociception, Locomotion, and the Endocannabinoid System in HIV-1 Tat Male Mice.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- People with HIV exhibit spectrally distinct patterns of rhythmic cortical activity serving cognitive flexibility.Neurobiology of disease · 2024Article
- Levetiracetam Prevents Neurophysiological Changes and Preserves Cognitive Function in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Transactivator of Transcription Transgenic Mouse Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- CNS Viral Infections-What to Consider for Improving Drug Treatment: A Plea for Using Mathematical Modeling Approaches.CNS drugs · 2024Review
- Identifying and distinguishing cognitive profiles among virally suppressed people with HIV.Neuropsychology · 2024Article
- Latent Profile Analysis of Cognitive Performance and Depressive Symptoms Among People with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2024Article
- Effects of acute cannabidiol on behavior and the endocannabinoid system in HIV-1 Tat transgenic female and male mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- A helping HAND: therapeutic potential of MAGL inhibition against HIV-1-associated neuroinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Effects of acute ΔBrain research · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe determined whether there are sex differences in the prevalence and profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment, and whether sex moderates the effect of HIV-serostatus on neurocognitive impairment among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Secondarily, we assessed whether differences were explained by greater biopsychosocial risk factors in HIV-positive women.
designAn observational cohort study.
methodsAnalyses included 1361 HIV-positive (204 women) and 702 HIV-negative (214 women) (ages = 18-79 years) participants from the UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program. Demographically corrected standardized T-scores from 15 neuropsychological tests were used to calculate domain-specific and global deficit scores (GDS). GDS at least 0.5 defined neurocognitive impairment. Biopsychosocial risk factors included low education, low reading level (education quality), lifetime substance use disorders, depressed mood (clinically significant depressive symptoms and/or current major depressive disorder) and a cumulative syndemic count (sum of biopsychosocial risk factors, range = 0-4). Race-stratified analyses were conducted. Analyses were adjusted for relevant demographic and clinical factors.
resultsHIV-associated neurocognitive impairment was more prevalent in women versus men; however, the difference was eliminated after adjustment for reading level. In sex-stratified logistic regressions, the association between HIV-seropositivity and higher likelihood of neurocognitive impairment was stronger in women versus men; however, the association was attenuated in women, but not men, after adjusting for reading level. These results in the overall sample were specific to blacks. Sex differences in the profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment varied by race.
conclusionWomen, particularly black women, were most at-risk for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment. Higher rates of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment in women versus men may reflect differences in educational quality.
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