ArticleOncology letters2018
Aberrant expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in human breast and head and neck cancer.
Article in Oncology letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03678883 (Phase 1/2 Study of 9-ING-41, a Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 1/2 Study of 9-ING-41, a Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta (GSK-3β) Inhibitor, as a Single Agent and Combined With Chemotherapy, in Patients With Refractory Hematologic Malignancies or Solid Tumors
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elraglusib, a Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Inhibitor, plus Chemotherapy with or without Immunotherapy in Patients with Recurrent, Metastatic Salivary Gland Carcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Trial
- Cytotoxicity of alkaloids isolated from Peganum harmala seeds on HCT116 human colon cancer cells.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Natural Products as Therapeutic or Chemopreventive Agents against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Using Preclinical Models.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β: A True Foe in Pancreatic Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- GSK-3β in Pancreatic Cancer: Spotlight on 9-ING-41, Its Therapeutic Potential and Immune Modulatory Properties.Biology · 2021Review
- Alterations and molecular targeting of the GSK-3 regulator, PI3K, in head and neck cancer.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research · 2020Review
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibition Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Abrogating the TopBP1/ATR-Mediated DNA Damage Response.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2019Article
- GSK3β and MCL-1 mediate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in response to high glucose.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2019Article
- Candidate Genes and MiRNAs Linked to the Inverse Relationship Between Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From Data Mining and Enrichment Analysis.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, has been implicated as a potential therapeutic target in human cancer. The objective of the present study was to evaluate aberrant expression of GSK-3β as a potential biomarker in human breast and head and neck cancers. Nuclear/cytosolic fractionation, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining was used to study the expression of GSK-3β in human breast and head and neck cancer. Aberrant nuclear accumulation of GSK-3β in five human breast cancer cell lines was demonstrated and in 89/128 (70%) human breast carcinomas, whereas no detectable expression of GSK-3β was found in benign breast tissue. Nuclear GSK-3β expression was associated with HER-2 positive tumors (P=0.02) and non-triple negative breast carcinomas (P=0.0001), although nuclear GSK-3β was observed in some samples across all breast cancer subtypes. Aberrant nuclear expression of GSK-3β was found in 11/15 (73%) squamous cell head and neck carcinomas, whereas weak or no detectable expression of GSK-3β was found in benign salivary gland and other benign head and neck tissues. These results support the hypothesis that aberrant nuclear GSK-3β may represent a potential target for the clinical treatment of human breast and squamous cell carcinoma.
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Registered trials
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