Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30405125›Full record

ArticleNature communications2018

Gene inversion potentiates bacterial evolvability and virulence.

Christopher N Merrikh, Houra Merrikh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Telomeric assemblies ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  12. High-Accuracy Long-Read Sequencing ofThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Christopher N MerrikhDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building J-209, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Houra MerrikhDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building J-209, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. merrikh@uw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9956-9640

Funding

Targeted Gene Evolution via Replication-Transcription ConflictsDP2GM110773 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MERRIKH, HOURA · 2013 to 2013
$2.2M
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance development in bacterial pathogensR01AI127422 · NIAID · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI MERRIKH, HOURA · 2018 to 2021
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI127422NIGMS NIH HHS DP2 GM110773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most bacterial genes are encoded on the leading strand, co-orienting the movement of the replication machinery with RNA polymerases. This bias reduces the frequency of detrimental head-on collisions between the two machineries. The negative outcomes of these collisions should lead to selection against head-on alleles, maximizing genome co-orientation. Our findings challenge this model. Using the GC skew calculation, we reveal the evolutionary inversion record of all chromosomally encoded genes in multiple divergent bacterial pathogens. Against expectations, we find that a large number of co-oriented genes have inverted to the head-on orientation, presumably increasing the frequency of head-on replication-transcription conflicts. Furthermore, we find that head-on genes, (including key antibiotic resistance and virulence genes) have higher rates of non-synonymous mutations and are more frequently under positive selection (dN/dS > 1). Based on these results, we propose that spontaneous gene inversions can increase the evolvability and pathogenic capacity of bacteria through head-on replication-transcription collisions.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionGenes, BacterialAllelesBacteriaBase CompositionBase SequenceDNA, BacterialDrug Resistance, MicrobialMutation RatePhylogenySelection, GeneticSpecies SpecificityTime FactorsVirulenceDNA, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID30405125
PMCPMC6220195

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.