ArticleJournal of athletic training2018
The Influence of Athletic Trainers on the Incidence and Management of Concussions in High School Athletes.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Factors influencing delayed removal from middle school, high school, and collegiate competition following sport-related concussion.JSAMS plus · 2026Article
- Variation in State Policies on Sideline Medical Coverage of High School Athletic Events.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Delays in Immediate Athletic Training Evaluation Following Concussion Among High School Football Players: A Report from the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network.Journal of athletic training · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Athletic Trainer Access, Socioeconomic Status, and Race and Ethnicity in United States Secondary Schools.Journal of athletic training · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Athletic Training Services in California Secondary Schools: A 5-Year Update.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in Resource Allocation and Access to Care After Sport-Related Concussion.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- More Than Skin Deep: Patient-Provider Racial and Ethnic Concordance and Discordance in Collegiate Athletics and Concussion Management.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Article
- The Social Determinants of Health and Athletic Trainer Availability in Indiana Secondary Schools.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- Concussion-Related Decision-Making by Certified Athletic Trainers: Implications for Concussion Prevention and Care.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Injury prevalence and associated factors among Japanese lacrosse collegiate athletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- The National Football League Concussion Protocol: A Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2023Article
- Provision of Concussion Information From Coaches and the Presence of Athletic Trainers: Findings From the 2021 YouthStyles Survey.Journal of athletic training · 2023Article
- Practices and Perceptions of Family-Centered Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Secondary School Athletic Trainers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Athletic Trainer's Varying Levels of Awareness and Use of Disablement Model Frameworks: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Predictors of concussion reporting intentions in adolescent hockey players.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic status and injury history in adolescent athletes: Lower family affluence is associated with a history of concussion.Journal of clinical and translational research · 2022Article
- Avenues for Sport-Related Concussion Prevention in High School Football: Effect of Limiting Collision Practices.Journal of athletic training · 2022Article
- Concussion Nondisclosure in Youth Sports.Journal of athletic training · 2022Article
- The Underreporting of Concussion: Differences Between Black and White High School Athletes Likely Stemming from Inequities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextIn many US high schools, the athletic trainer (AT) has the responsibility to identify and manage athletes with concussions. Although the availability of ATs varies a great deal among schools, how the level of AT availability in high schools affects the reported incidence and management of sport-related concussions (SRCs) is unknown.
objectiveTo determine how the presence of an AT affects the reporting and management of SRCs.
designProspective cohort study. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsA total of 2459 (female = 37.5%, age = 16.1 ± 1.2 years) athletes from 31 Wisconsin high schools were categorized as having low availability (LoAT), mid availability (MidAT), or high availability (HiAT) of ATs. Athletic trainers recorded the incidence, days lost from sport, and postconcussion management through return to sport. The incidence of SRC reporting among categories was examined using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Fisher exact tests were used to determine if postconcussion management differed based on AT availability.
resultsThe incidence of reported SRCs was lower for the LoAT schools (2.4%) compared with the MidAT (5.6%, hazard ratio = 2.59, P = .043) and HiAT (7.0%, hazard ratio = 3.33, P = .002) schools. The median time before the first AT interaction was longer for LoAT schools (24.0 hours) than for MidAT (0.5 hours, post hoc P = .012) and HiAT (0.2 hours, post hoc P = .023) schools. The number of post-SRC interactions was different in all groups (LoAT = 2 interactions, MidAT = 3, and HiAT = 4; all post hoc P values < .05). Days lost were greater for MidAT and HiAT (both 14 days lost) schools compared with LoAT schools (11.5 days lost, post hoc P = .231 and P = .029, respectively). Athletes at LoAT schools were less likely to undergo a return-to-play protocol (9/18 SRCs, 50.0%) than athletes at MidAT (44/47 SRCs, 93.6%; post hoc P = .001) or HiAT (64/64 SRCs, 100%; post hoc P < .001) schools.
conclusionsThe level of AT availability positively influenced the reported incidence of SRCs as well as postconcussion management activities in this sample of high schools.
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