ReviewNew microbes and new infections2018
Sex and bacterial infectious diseases.
Review in New microbes and new infections, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Microbiologic Patterns Found in Periprosthetic Joint Infections Following Total Joint Arthroplasty Differ Across Race and Sex.Arthroplasty today · 2026Article
- Hemosiderosis is associated with increased susceptibility toVeterinary pathology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in a murine model of infective endocarditis.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Article
- Emerging antibiotic resistance in bacterial bloodstream infections: a clinical study at the Holy Family Hospital, Nkawkaw, Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Sex effects on early life features of the gingival transcriptome.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Article
- Trends of cervical tumours amongst women from perspectives of demographic, socioeconomic and geographic indicators: retrospective ecological study in Czechia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Sex and Age Effects on Healthy Gingival Transcriptomic Patterns.Journal of dental research · 2023Article
- Emergence of microbial infections in some hospitals of Cairo, Egypt: studying their corresponding antimicrobial resistance profiles.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Bacteriological aspects of bacteremia in the intensive care unit of the Mohammed V Military Hospital: 10 months prospective study.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2022Article
- Potential immunological effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy in transgender people - an unexplored area of research.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Beta-lactam allergy labeling in intensive care units: An observational, retrospective study.Medicine · 2021Observational
- Impact of Sex Hormones on Macrophage Responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Sexual Dimorphism and Gender in Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Sex Steroids Induce Membrane Stress Responses and Virulence Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.mBio · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most infectious diseases are unequally distributed between male and female subjects. This sex dimorphism is confirmed by epidemiologic studies which suggest an increased number of male septic patients, while, due to the class age of septic patients, an overrepresentation of female patients would be expected. Lifestyle, recreational activities, professional exposition and access to care are plausible reasons for this dimorphism. However, biological differences should be carefully considered, particularly the weight of X-linked variability and the role of sex hormones. Animal models clearly show that clinical response to infection is more exuberant in males than in females. This is partly explained by an attenuation of the inflammatory response by female sex hormones. However, the translation from experimental studies to the bedside remains challenging as a result of confounding factors like age, hormone changes and response to treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.