ArticleBMC gastroenterology2018
Apatinib affect VEGF-mediated cell proliferation, migration, invasion via blocking VEGFR2/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways in cholangiocarcinoma cell.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib in treating recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Phase II study of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with apatinib for advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Apatinib Mesylate in the treatment of advanced progressed lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR-TKI resistance -A Multicenter Randomized Trial.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Development and Validation of a Crotonylation-Related Prognostic Risk Model for Cholangiocarcinoma Based on Integrative Transcriptome Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Apatinib inhibits synovial sarcoma progression and angiogenesis via VEGFR2-mediated AKT/FOXO3A and ERK1/2/FOXM1 signaling pathways.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Apatinib and PD-L1 Inhibition in Breast Cancer.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2026Article
- Serum miRNA and Metabolomic Signatures of Residential Radon Exposure in Chiang Mai, Thailand.Toxics · 2025Article
- Preliminary study of apatinib combined with fluzoparib in the treatment of HRP ovarian cancer via the HR pathway.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Effects of Apatinib combined with Temozolomide on levels of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 in patients with drug-resistant recurrent glioblastoma.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Observational
- Article
- Epigenetic Regulation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Microenvironment: A Comprehensive Review.Cancers · 2023Review
- Apatinib Through Activating the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway to Cause Dysfunction of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of oral cancer.European journal of medical research · 2022Review
- Low Temperature Plasma Suppresses Lung Cancer Cells Growth via VEGF/VEGFR2/RAS/ERK Axis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Emerging Role of microRNA Dysregulation in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.Genes · 2022Review
- Apatinib inhibits tumour progression and promotes antitumour efficacy of cytotoxic drugs in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Licoflavone A Suppresses Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Blocking the VEGFR-2 Signaling Pathway.Journal of oncology · 2022Article
- Effective Treatment of Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma with Apatinib: A Case Report and Literature Review.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Research on the Mechanism and Prevention of Hypertension Caused by Apatinib Through the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of Gastric Cancer.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Efficacy and Adverse Events of Apatinib Salvage Treatment for Refractory Diffuse Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a form of cancer that easily aggress to contiguous structures. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) are increased in majority species of cancers and suppress tumor progression by blocking VEGF/VEGFR2. Apatinib is a highly selective VEGFR2 antagonist which has inhibitive effect on antiapoptotic and cell growth in CCA. While, the effect of apatinib cell migration and invasion in CCA is still unknown.
methodsCCA cell lines QBC939 and TFK-1 were transfected with siKDR to establish the KDR function loss cell model, and recombined human VEGF (rhVEGF) protein was added into the culture medium to enhance the VEGF expression. RT-qPCR and western bloting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGFR2 to investigate whether it was effectively repressed or activated with rhVEGF or apatinib treatment. Then, MTT, wound healing assay, and transwell matrix assay were applied to measure the effect of apatinib and rhVEGF on cell viability, migration and invasion, respectively.
resultsThe mRNA and protein expressions of VEGFR2 were significantly reduced with KDR RNAi in both QBC939 and TFK-1 cells, and rhVEGF treatment increased these expression levels (p < 0.05). Apatinib dramatically suppressed VEGF-mediated cell migration and invasion at the concentration of 100 nM treatment and significantly decreased the expression of metastasis-associated protein such as Slug, snail and MMP9. Moreover, all of these inhibiting effects of apatinib depended on the VEGFR2 existence. In addition, VEGFR2/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signal pathways were enhanced by the introduction of rhVEGF, but were dramatically suppressed after the apatinib treatment.
conclusionApatinib inhibit VEGF-mediated cell migration and invasion in CCA cell lines via inhibiting the VEGFR2/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. It will be a potentially effective targeted drug for CCA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.