Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30394676›Full record

ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2019

Molecular differences in Alzheimer's disease between male and female patients determined by integrative network analysis.

Lin-Lin Sun, Song-Lin Yang, Hui Sun, Wei-Da Li, Shu-Rong Duan

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Unraveling sex differences in Alzheimer's disease and related endophenotypes with brain proteomes.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lin-Lin SunDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Song-Lin YangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Hui SunPharmaceutical Experiment Teaching Center, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Wei-Da LiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Shu-Rong DuanDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3438-014X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. There has been increasing recognition of sex differences in AD prevalence, clinical manifestation, disease course and prognosis. However, there have been few studies on the molecular mechanism underlying these differences. To address this issue, we carried out global gene expression and integrative network analyses based on expression profiles (GSE84422) across 17 cortical regions of 125 individuals with AD. There were few genes that were differentially expressed across the 17 regions between the two sexes, with only four (encoding glutamate metabotropic receptor 2, oestrogen-related receptor beta, kinesin family member 26B, and aspartoacylase) that were differentially expressed in three regions. A pan-cortical brain region co-expression network analysis identified pathways and genes (eg, glycogen synthase kinase 3β) that were significantly associated with clinical characteristics of AD (such as neurofibrillary score) in males only. Similarity analyses between region-specific networks indicated that male patients exhibited greater variability, especially in the superior parietal lobule, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and occipital visual cortex. A network module analysis revealed an association between clinical traits and crosstalk of sex-specific modules. An examination of temporal and spatial patterns of sex differences in AD showed that molecular networks were more conserved in females than in males in different cortical regions and at different AD stages. These findings provide insight into critical molecular pathways governing sex differences in AD pathology.

Indexed as

Gene Regulatory NetworksAlzheimer DiseaseBrainFemaleGene Expression ProfilingHumansMaleOccipital LobePrefrontal CortexSex FactorsVisual CortexAlzheimer's diseaseintegrative networksex differencestemporal and spatial patterns

Identifiers

PMID30394676
PMCPMC6307813

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.