ArticleThe New phytologist2019
A chromosome-scale genome assembly reveals a highly dynamic effector repertoire of wheat powdery mildew.
Article in The New phytologist, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- An HMA-like integrated domain in the wheat tandem kinase WTK4 recognises an RNase-like pathogen effector.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tracking the Evolutionary Trajectory of a Young Hybrid Plant Pathogen.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Structure-Based Comparative Analysis Reveals the Landscape of Powdery Mildew Secretomes Across Five Genera.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- What makes a mycoparasite? Candidate effectors from fungi that parasitize other fungi exhibit structural homology to those of fungal plant pathogens.Fungal biology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Dual recognition of structurally unrelated mildew effectors underlies the broad-spectrum resistance of Pm3e in wheat.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Diversify and conquer: How effector diversity is shaped by host-microbe co-evolution.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Virulence on Pm4 kinase-based resistance is determined by two divergent wheat powdery mildew effectors.Nature plants · 2026Article
- Saprotrophic Arachnopeziza Species as New Resources to Study the Obligate Biotrophic Lifestyle of Powdery Mildew Fungi.Molecular ecology resources · 2025Article
- High-resolution genome assembly and linkage mapping in Meloidogyne hapla reveal non-canonical telomere repeats and recombination hotspots associated with effector proteins.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- A reference metagenome sequence of the lichen Cladonia rangiformis.BMC biology · 2025Article
- The putative effector BgtE-20069a, secreted from Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, suppresses plant immunity to facilitate wheat infection.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- k-mer-based GWAS in a wheat collection reveals novel and diverse sources of powdery mildew resistance.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- A powdery mildew core effector protein targets the host endosome tethering complexes HOPS and CORVET in barley.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- Genomic Surveillance and Molecular Evolution of Fungicide Resistance in European Populations of Wheat Powdery Mildew.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Recombination landscape and karyotypic variations revealed by linkage mapping in the grapevine downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Spray-induced gene silencing enables the characterization of gene function during pre-penetration stages inFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Genome and transcriptome analysis of Chinese wheat powdery mildew isolate 21-2 for discovery of important virulence determinants.Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Avirulence depletion assay: Combining R gene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
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12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (B.g. tritici) is the causal agent of the wheat powdery mildew disease. The highly fragmented B.g. tritici genome available so far has prevented a systematic analysis of effector genes that are known to be involved in host adaptation. To study the diversity and evolution of effector genes we produced a chromosome-scale assembly of the B.g. tritici genome. The genome assembly and annotation was achieved by combining long-read sequencing with high-density genetic mapping, bacterial artificial chromosome fingerprinting and transcriptomics. We found that the 166.6 Mb B.g. tritici genome encodes 844 candidate effector genes, over 40% more than previously reported. Candidate effector genes have characteristic local genomic organization such as gene clustering and enrichment for recombination-active regions and certain transposable element families. A large group of 412 candidate effector genes shows high plasticity in terms of copy number variation in a global set of 36 isolates and of transcription levels. Our data suggest that copy number variation and transcriptional flexibility are the main drivers for adaptation in B.g. tritici. The high repeat content may play a role in providing a genomic environment that allows rapid evolution of effector genes with selection as the driving force.
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