Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30385996›Full record

Observational studyMissouri medicine

A Cross-Sectional Study of Firearm Injuries in Emergency Department Patients.

Heather de Anda, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, Kristen Mueller

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Observational study in Missouri medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2021
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Heather de AndaHeather de Anda, MD, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, PhD, and Kristen Mueller, MD, are affiliated with the Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Taylor DibbleHeather de Anda, MD, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, PhD, and Kristen Mueller, MD, are affiliated with the Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Charles SchlaepferHeather de Anda, MD, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, PhD, and Kristen Mueller, MD, are affiliated with the Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Randi ForakerHeather de Anda, MD, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, PhD, and Kristen Mueller, MD, are affiliated with the Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Kristen MuellerHeather de Anda, MD, Taylor Dibble, Charles Schlaepfer, Randi Foraker, PhD, and Kristen Mueller, MD, are affiliated with the Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This is a single-center cross-sectional study of consecutive patients who presented to an urban emergency department (ED) with firearm injuries between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2016. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients in this cohort and identify those at risk of firearm re-injury to inform future interventions. Patients in this cohort with both initial and recidivistic firearm injures were found to be predominately young, African American men.

objectiveTo describe the characteristics of patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with firearm injuries and identify those at risk of firearm re-injury.

methodsThis is a single-center cross-sectional study of consecutive patients who presented to the ED with firearm injuries between July 1, 2014 and June 30, 2016. We collected data on patient demographics, history of previous traumatic injury including firearm injury, and whether the firearm injury was self-inflicted. We also evaluated characteristics of patients in this cohort who returned to the ED with firearm re-injury within a one year follow-up period.

resultsThis study included 1226 unique patients. Our data demonstrate that patients presenting to the ED for firearm injury were predominately young, African American males. Fourteen percent had a history of a previous firearm injury and 20% had a history of other non-firearm assault. Patients who had been shot previously were more likely to be African American, male, uninsured, unemployed, and have a history of other non-accidental trauma. Eight percent of firearm injuries were self-inflicted. All 35 patients who sustained a new firearm injury within 1 year of the index injury were African American males with a median age of 23.

conclusionsAmong patients treated in the ED for firearm injuries, young, African American males are disproportionately at risk of firearm injury and re-injury. ED visits for traumatic injury represent an opportunity to provide social work, case work, and counseling-based interventions to help disrupt the cycle of violence in high-risk individuals.

Indexed as

FirearmsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHumansMaleMissouriRisk FactorsViolenceWounds, GunshotYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID30385996
PMCPMC6205282

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.