ReviewThe Journal of experimental medicine2019
Microbiome-microglia connections via the gut-brain axis.
Review in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 284 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
284 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 445 citations in OpenAlex.
- Resting-state functional MRI activity and connectivity in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review.Neuroradiology · 2025Pooled it
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- What Are the Key Gut Microbiota Involved in Neurological Diseases? A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond neurons: Impact of cannabidiol on glial cells in ischemic stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- The Microbiome in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Tumor-Immune Interactions, and Translational Perspectives.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Recent advances in methotrexate pharmacology and potential therapeutic uses in age-related cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-targeted interventions for depression in adolescents and young adults: Mechanisms, evidence strength and clinical strategies-A narrative review.General psychiatry · 2026Review
- Microbiota-Neuroinflammation Crosstalk in Primary Brain Tumors: Focus on Glioblastoma.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic Convergence in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Synaptic, Immune-Glial and RNA-Regulatory Axes in the Human Cerebral Cortex.International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Dynamic alterations and potential roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mice and rats.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Lipid metabolism, microglia, and stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Resilience and Environmental Stressors: A Hidden Key to Lifespan Optimization?Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Early Nutrition as a Modulator of Neurodevelopment via the Gut Microbiota in Preterm Neonates.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Early-life gastrointestinal inflammation and the developing brain: Unravelling the pathways to long-term cognitive dysfunction.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Importance of the inflammasome in gut-brain axis: from pathological driver to therapeutic target.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Encephalopathy: Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2026Review
- Influence of ginger root extract supplementation on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in individuals with sciatica: Study protocol for a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2026Article
- Early Gut Microbiota and Neurodevelopmental Trajectories: Implications for Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Vulnerability-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
224 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, are essential for modulating neurogenesis, influencing synaptic remodeling, and regulating neuroinflammation by surveying the brain microenvironment. Microglial dysfunction has been implicated in the onset and progression of several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases; however, the multitude of factors and signals influencing microglial activity have not been fully elucidated. Microglia not only respond to local signals within the brain but also receive input from the periphery, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Recent preclinical findings suggest that the gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in regulating microglial maturation and function, and altered microbial community composition has been reported in neurological disorders with known microglial involvement in humans. Collectively, these findings suggest that bidirectional crosstalk between the gut and the brain may influence disease pathogenesis. Herein, we discuss recent studies showing a role for the gut microbiome in modulating microglial development and function in homeostatic and disease conditions and highlight possible future research to develop novel microbial treatments for disorders of the brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.