ArticlePLoS pathogens2018
Lymph nodes are sites of prolonged bacterial persistence during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in macaques.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monocytic niches escape T cell surveillance and promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in lymph nodes.Immunity · 2026Article
- Immortal genome assumption significantly underestimates replication and death rates ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Immortal genome assumption significantly underestimates replication and death rates ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Controlled human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis: practical considerations for clinical trials.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Review
- Antiretroviral treatment does not prevent extrapulmonary tuberculosis during SIV/Mtb coinfection in macaques.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Protection against reinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis extends across heterologous Mtb lineages.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Using Imaris to rigorously track PET-defined sites of lung inflammation inAmerican journal of diagnostic imaging · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics of cervical lymph node tuberculosis reveals cellular heterogeneity and enhanced cellular communication.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- Characterizing PET CT patterns and bacterial dissemination features of tuberculosis relapse in the macaque model.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Oligosaccharide Lactate Nanoparticles Enhance Tissue Targeting: A Case Study of the Controlled Delivery of Bedaquiline to Cardiac Tissue in TB Pericarditis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of PET Imaging on Translational Medicine: Insights from Large-Animal Disease Models.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Distinguishing multiple roles of T cell and macrophage involvement in determining lymph node fates during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis requires CD4+ T cells and CD8α+ lymphocytes.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Treatment course of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis combined with tuberculosis in a parotid Warthin's tumor: a case report and literature review.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Article
- CD4 T cells and CD8α+ lymphocytes are necessary for intravenous BCG-induced protection against tuberculosis in macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Nanopore-based targeted next-generation sequencing of tissue samples for tuberculosis diagnosis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tuberculosis is commonly considered a chronic lung disease, however, extrapulmonary infection can occur in any organ. Even though lymph nodes (LN) are among the most common sites of extrapulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, and thoracic LNs are frequently infected in humans, bacterial dynamics and the effect of Mtb infection in LN structure and function is relatively unstudied. We surveyed thoracic LNs from Mtb-infected cynomolgus and rhesus macaques analyzing PET CT scans, bacterial burden, LN structure and immune function. FDG avidity correlated with the presence of live bacteria in LNs at necropsy. Lymph nodes have different trajectories (increasing, maintaining, decreasing in PET activity over time) even within the same animal. Rhesus macaques are more susceptible to Mtb infection than cynomolgus macaques and this is in part due to more extensive LN pathology. Here, we show that Mtb grows to the same level in cynomolgus and rhesus macaque LNs, however, cynomolgus macaques control Mtb at later time points post-infection while rhesus macaques do not. Notably, compared to lung granulomas, LNs are generally poor at killing Mtb, even with drug treatment. Granulomas that form in LNs lack B cell-rich tertiary lymphoid structures, disrupt LN structure by pushing out T cells and B cells, introduce large numbers of macrophages that can serve as niches for Mtb, and destroy normal vasculature. Our data support that LNs are not only sites of antigen presentation and immune activation during infection, but also serve as important sites for persistence of significant numbers of Mtb bacilli.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.