ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
The Importance of Heterogeneity to the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Role of Toll-like Receptor 2 Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to and Severity of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Agent-based modelling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Mathematical models of drug-resistant tuberculosis lack bacterial heterogeneity: A systematic review.PLoS pathogens · 2024Pooled it
- Pre-training Epidemic Time Series Forecasters with Compartmental Prototypes.KDD : proceedings. International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · 2026Article
- Strain diversity drives heterogeneous responses to tuberculosis combination therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis in the Western Cape: A Population-Based Study (2017-2023).Pediatrics · 2026Article
- A new method to estimate factors associated with tuberculosis transmission using whole genome sequencing and other additional metadata.Epidemiologic methods · 2026Article
- Host traits and environmental factors shape infection heterogeneity in wild rat-protozoa networks.ISME communications · 2026Article
- Strain diversity drives heterogeneous responses to tuberculosis combination therapy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Superspreading and the evolution of virulence.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Host-intrinsic and host-extrinsic factors modulate immunity to Mtb infection, reinfection, and noncanonical vaccination routes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Utilizing artificial intelligence to predict and analyze socioeconomic, environmental, and healthcare factors driving tuberculosis globally.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clustering and risk factor analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a district in Ethiopia: a population-based cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Latent class analysis identifies risk groups to model the expected benefits of SARS-CoV-2 interventions among university students.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Embedding risk monitoring in infectious disease surveillance for timely and effective outbreak prevention and control.BMJ global health · 2025Review
- Cross-species transcriptomics translation reveals a role for the unfolded protein response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
- Geospatial analysis of tuberculosis incidence in relation to socio-economic and environmental indicators in Romania.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A qualitative exploration of community knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards tuberculosis in the Karamoja subregion, northeastern Uganda.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Hotspots in Oliver Reginald Tambo District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Molecular epidemiology ofJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although less well-recognized than for other infectious diseases, heterogeneity is a defining feature of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology. To advance toward TB elimination, this heterogeneity must be better understood and addressed. Drivers of heterogeneity in TB epidemiology act at the level of the infectious host, organism, susceptible host, environment, and distal determinants. These effects may be amplified by social mixing patterns, while the variable latent period between infection and disease may mask heterogeneity in transmission. Reliance on notified cases may lead to misidentification of the most affected groups, as case detection is often poorest where prevalence is highest. Assuming that average rates apply across diverse groups and ignoring the effects of cohort selection may result in misunderstanding of the epidemic and the anticipated effects of control measures. Given this substantial heterogeneity, interventions targeting high-risk groups based on location, social determinants, or comorbidities could improve efficiency, but raise ethical and equity considerations.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.