ArticlePsychopharmacology2019
Effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 analogs on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring vervet monkeys.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on alcohol-related behaviors: potential therapeutic strategy for alcohol use disorder.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Pooled it
- The potential role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in substance use disorders - a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- An Overview of Appetite-Regulatory Peptides in Addiction Processes; From Bench to Bed Side.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Can GLP-1 Be a Target for Reward System Related Disorders? A Qualitative Synthesis and Systematic Review Analysis of Studies on Palatable Food, Drugs of Abuse, and Alcohol.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide on pro-inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers in individuals with alcohol use disorder: Post hoc results from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Trial
- Effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on sexuality in healthy men: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study.EBioMedicine · 2024Trial
- Effects of dulaglutide on alcohol consumption during smoking cessation.JCI insight · 2023Trial
- Exenatide once weekly for alcohol use disorder investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.JCI insight · 2022Trial
- Semaglutide alters behaviour and nucleus accumbens oscillatory activity in healthy mice.Molecular brain · 2026Article
- Searching for New Pharmacological Treatments of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD): Focus on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Treating Alcohol Use Disorder: A Critical Review.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Review
- Semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide attenuate the interoceptive effects of alcohol in male and female rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- GLP-1 at the Metabolic-Cognitive Interface: Reward, Affect, and Memory.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of substance use disorders among US veterans with type 2 diabetes: cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Alcohol Use: A Real-Word Observational Study in a Large, Integrated Health Care System.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Repurposing GLP-1 receptor agonists for alcohol use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Multisystem regulation of reward and addiction: beyond the dopaminergic system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists as emerging therapeutics in bipolar disorder: a narrative review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Incretin-Based Therapies and Post-Bariatric Surgery Alcohol Use Disorder.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- GLP-1 Therapeutics and Their Emerging Role in Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders: An Endocrinology Primer.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPreclinical studies in rodents have demonstrated inhibitory effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor stimulation on alcohol consumption. The effects of GLP-1 receptor stimulation on alcohol intake in primates have not been investigated.
methodsWe performed placebo-controlled studies on the effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonists exenatide and liraglutide on alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring male African vervet monkeys. Monkeys selected for voluntary alcohol drinking were observed for at least 10 days of baseline drinking and allocated to drug or vehicle (n = 11-12 per group) balanced with respect to alcohol intake. Monkeys had access to alcohol 4 h/day. In a first study, monkeys were treated with exenatide 0.04 mg/kg or vehicle once weekly for 5 weeks to obtain steady-state plasma levels. In a second study, monkeys were treated daily with liraglutide (increasing dosing, 10 to 50 μg/kg/day) or vehicle over 2 weeks. In both studies, access to alcohol was suspended during drug up-titration. Then, alcohol was again made available 4 h/day and treatment was continued for 2 weeks, during which alcohol intake was recorded. Observation of alcohol intake was continued for a week of drug washout.
resultsLiraglutide and to a lesser extent exenatide significantly reduced alcohol consumption without causing any signs of emesis and with no effect on water intake as compared to vehicle.
conclusionsThe present study demonstrates for the first time that GLP-1 receptor agonists can reduce voluntary alcohol drinking in non-human primates. The data substantiate the potential usefulness of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.