ArticleScience translational medicine2018
The vermiform appendix impacts the risk of developing Parkinson's disease.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 270 citations in OpenAlex.
- Appendectomy and risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Gut-brain axis dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms linking microbiota to neuroinflammation and α-synuclein pathology.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Appendix in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis and therapy: An updated narrative review.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Microbiome signature of Parkinson's disease in healthy and genetically at-risk individuals.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- The role of gut microbiota-mitochondria crosstalk in neurodegeneration: Underlying mechanisms and potential therapies.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Progress of Immunotherapies in Parkinson's Disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Potential Protection Against Parkinson's Disease by Ergothioneine-Nature's Multifactorial Neuroprotectant.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Top-Down Mass Spectrometry and Its Current Applications in Biomarker Discovery in Aging and Age-Related Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Brain-Only Versus GI-Only Synucleinopathy: A Comprehensive Autopsy Study With Both IHC and SAA.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- In situ NMR and integrative proteomics reveal the interaction signature of serum α-synuclein.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Surface wetting is a key determinant of α-synuclein condensate maturation.Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Molecular Dynamics Study of α-Synuclein Domain Deletion Mutant Monomers.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Appendectomy Is Not Associated With a Milder Clinical Course of Ulcerative Colitis: A Nationwide Danish Population-Based Study.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Aggregation-prone alpha-synuclein proteoforms and dysregulated molecular signatures in the vermiform appendix of synucleinopathy patients.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Differential role of C-terminal truncations on alpha-synuclein pathology and Lewy body formation.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- The interrelationship between intestinal immune cells and enteric α-synuclein in the progression of Parkinson's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- α-Synuclein Pathology in Synucleinopathies: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: From Bench to Bedside.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Proximity proteomics reveals unique and shared pathological features between multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves the accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein, which has been suggested to begin in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we determined the capacity of the appendix to modify PD risk and influence pathogenesis. In two independent epidemiological datasets, involving more than 1.6 million individuals and over 91 million person-years, we observed that removal of the appendix decades before PD onset was associated with a lower risk for PD, particularly for individuals living in rural areas, and delayed the age of PD onset. We also found that the healthy human appendix contained intraneuronal α-synuclein aggregates and an abundance of PD pathology-associated α-synuclein truncation products that are known to accumulate in Lewy bodies, the pathological hallmark of PD. Lysates of human appendix tissue induced the rapid cleavage and oligomerization of full-length recombinant α-synuclein. Together, we propose that the normal human appendix contains pathogenic forms of α-synuclein that affect the risk of developing PD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.