ArticlePloS one2018
The epidemiology of chronic kidney disease and the association with non-communicable and communicable disorders in a population of sub-Saharan Africa.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in South Africa - limitations of studies comparing prevalence with sub-Saharan Africa, Africa, and globally.BMC nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Factors in Rural Tanzania: Insights From a Community-Based Screening in Kilombero.Health science reports · 2026Article
- CKD in Migrants: From Epidemiology to Challenges.Kidney international reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Kidney transplant in low resources countries; 6 years of successes and challenges at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, Tanzania.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Air pollution-associated chronic kidney disease (APA-CKD): evidence from a cross-sectional study of Niger Delta communities.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Higher prevalence of kidney function impairment among older people living with HIV in Uganda.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Pediatric urogenital schistosomiasis diagnosed in France.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Higher prevalence of kidney function impairment among older people living with HIV in Uganda.Research square · 2024Article
- Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology Africa region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Atlas (ISN-GKHA).Kidney international supplements · 2024Review
- The Role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in the Treatment Paradigm of CKD in Africa: An African Association of Nephrology Panel Position Paper.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Determinants of diabetic nephropathy among adult diabetic patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A case-control study.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- High Rates of Undiagnosed Target Organ Damage Among Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure or Diabetes Mellitus in a Community-Based Survey in Lesotho.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- Joint modeling on serum creatinine and time to end stage of renal disease for chronic kidney disease patients under treatment at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Major cardiovascular events and associated factors among routine hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease at tertiary care hospital in Somalia.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Risk factors for impaired renal function in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults: cross-sectional study in North-Western Tanzania.BMC nephrology · 2021Article
- High risk of acute kidney injury in Malawian trauma patients: a prospective observational cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2021Observational
- Impact of rural versus urban setting on kidney markers: a cross-sectional study in South-Kivu, DRCongo.BMC nephrology · 2021Article
- End-stage kidney disease and rationing of kidney replacement therapy in the free state province, South Africa: a retrospective study.BMC nephrology · 2021Article
- Comparison of Two Different Semiquantitative Urinary Dipstick Tests with Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio for Screening and Classification of Albuminuria According to KDIGO. A Diagnostic Test Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
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Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), epidemiological data for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study including 952 patients in an outpatient clinic in Tanzania to explore CKD prevalence estimates and the association with cardiovascular and infectious disorders. According to KDIGO, we measured albumin-to-creatinine ratio and calculated eGFR using CKD-EPI formula. Factors associated with CKD were calculated by logistic regression. Venn diagrams were modelled to visualize interaction between associated factors and CKD. Overall, the estimated CKD prevalence was 13.6% (95% CI 11-16%). Ninety-eight patients (11.2%) (95% CI 9-14%) were categorized as moderate, 12 (1.4%) (95% CI 0-4%) as high, and 9 (1%) (95% CI 0-3%) as very high risk according to KDIGO. History of tuberculosis (OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.66-8.18; p = 0.001) and schistosomiasis (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.13-5.18; p = 0.02) were associated with CKD. A trend was seen for increasing systolic blood pressure (OR 1.02 per 1 mmHg, 95% CI 1.00-1.03; p = 0.01). Increasing BMI (OR 0.92 per 1kg/m2, 95% CI 0.88-0.96; p = <0.001) and haemoglobin (OR 0.82 per 1g/dL, 95% CI 0.72-0.94; p = 0.004) were associated with risk reduction. Diabetes was associated with albuminuria (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.26-6.00; p = 0.009). In 85% of all CKD cases at least one of the four most common factors (hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, and history of tuberculosis or schistosomiasis) was associated with CKD. A singular associated factor was found in 61%, two in 14%, and ≥3 in 10% of all CKD cases. We observed a high prevalence estimate for CKD and found that both classical cardiovascular and neglected infectious diseases might be associated with CKD in a semi-rural population of SSA. Our finding provides further evidence for the hypothesis that the "double burden" of non-communicable and endemic infectious diseases might affect kidney health in SSA.
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