ArticleHuman brain mapping2019
Brain state and polarity dependent modulation of brain networks by transcranial direct current stimulation.
Article in Human brain mapping, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07643363 (A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Temporal Interference Stimulation Treatment in Patients With Cognitive Impairment), which is not on this map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Temporal Interference Stimulation Treatment in Patients With Cognitive Impairment
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A checklist for assessing the methodological quality of concurrent tES-fMRI studies (ContES checklist): a consensus study and statement.Nature protocols · 2022Pooled it
- Methodology for tDCS integration with fMRI.Human brain mapping · 2020Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Applications to Memory in Healthy Aging.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Personalized High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for the Treatment of Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Investigating the effects of brain stimulation on the neural substrates of inhibition in patients with OCD: A simultaneous tDCS - fMRI study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Prefrontal tDCS modulates risk-taking in male violent offenders.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- The two-back task leads to activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms: a fNIRS study and its implication for tDCS.Experimental brain research · 2024Trial
- Sex matters for the enhancement of cognitive training with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).Biology of sex differences · 2023Trial
- Transcranial direct current stimulation to modulate fMRI drug cue reactivity in methamphetamine users: A randomized clinical trial.Human brain mapping · 2022Trial
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study of Motor Effect.Neural plasticity · 2019Trial
- Sex Does Matter! The Influence of Sex on Outcomes of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS).Cells · 2026Review
- Contextual Engagement to Enhance Effective Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: A Theoretical and Mechanistic Perspective.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2026Article
- Report Approval for Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (RATES): expert recommendation based on a Delphi consensus study.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines (2017-2025: An update) - endorsed by the European Society for Brain Stimulation (ESBS) and by the International Federation for Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN).Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Modulating the Interplay Between Impulsivity and Interoception Through HD-tDCS to the Right Insula and Anterior Cingulate Cortex.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Neuromodulation and cognition in late-life depression.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Neuromodulation and rehabilitation of post-stroke cognitive impairment: challenges and prospects.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Case Report: Anodal DLPFC-tDCS for refractory post-traumatic cognitive fatigue in the hypometabolic brain.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Transcranial direct current stimulation modulates primate brain dynamics across states of consciousness.eLife · 2025Article
- Generalized learning induced by training and tDCS is predicted by prefrontal cortical morphology.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite its widespread use in cognitive studies, there is still limited understanding of whether and how transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulates brain network function. To clarify its physiological effects, we assessed brain network function using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) simultaneously acquired during tDCS stimulation. Cognitive state was manipulated by having subjects perform a Choice Reaction Task or being at "rest." A novel factorial design was used to assess the effects of brain state and polarity. Anodal and cathodal tDCS were applied to the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), a region involved in controlling activity large-scale intrinsic connectivity networks during switches of cognitive state. tDCS produced widespread modulation of brain activity in a polarity and brain state dependent manner. In the absence of task, the main effect of tDCS was to accentuate default mode network (DMN) activation and salience network (SN) deactivation. In contrast, during task performance, tDCS increased SN activation. In the absence of task, the main effect of anodal tDCS was more pronounced, whereas cathodal tDCS had a greater effect during task performance. Cathodal tDCS also accentuated the within-DMN connectivity associated with task performance. There were minimal main effects of stimulation on network connectivity. These results demonstrate that rIFG tDCS can modulate the activity and functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks involved in cognitive function, in a brain state and polarity dependent manner. This study provides an important insight into mechanisms by which tDCS may modulate cognitive function, and also has implications for the design of future stimulation studies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.