ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2019
Mesh Convergence Behavior and the Effect of Element Integration of a Human Head Injury Model.
Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Review of Cyclist Head Injury, Impact Characteristics and the Implications for Helmet Assessment Methods.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2023Pooled it
- An MRI-derived head-neck finite element model.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2025Article
- High-order mesoscale modeling with geometrically conforming gray/white matter interface for traumatic brain injury.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine · 2025Article
- Surface-based versus voxel-based finite element head models: comparative analyses of strain responses.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2025Article
- Brain Tissue Strain During Adolescent Soccer Heading Using the Cloud-Based Brain Simulation Research Platform Finite Element Head Model.Conference proceedings. International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury · 2024Article
- The Impact of Drop Test Conditions on Brain Strain Location and Severity: A Novel Approach Using a Deep Learning Model.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Brain Material Properties and Integration of Arachnoid Complex for Biofidelic Impact Response for Human Head Finite Element Model.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Use of Brain Biomechanical Models for Monitoring Impact Exposure in Contact Sports.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2022Review
- Cerebral vascular strains in dynamic head impact using an upgraded model with brain material property heterogeneity.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2022Article
- The Presence of the Temporal Horn Exacerbates the Vulnerability of Hippocampus During Head Impacts.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Instantaneous Whole-Brain Strain Estimation in Dynamic Head Impact.Journal of neurotrauma · 2021Article
- Ranking and Rating Bicycle Helmet Safety Performance in Oblique Impacts Using Eight Different Brain Injury Models.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2021Article
- In vivo estimates of axonal stretch and 3D brain deformation during mild head impact.Brain multiphysics · 2020Article
- An Image Registration-Based Morphing Technique for Generating Subject-Specific Brain Finite Element Models.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2020Article
- Displacement- and Strain-Based Discrimination of Head Injury Models across a Wide Range of Blunt Conditions.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2020Article
- A network-based response feature matrix as a brain injury metric.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2020Article
- Incorporation of vasculature in a head injury model lowers local mechanical strains in dynamic impact.Journal of biomechanics · 2020Article
- Biomechanical Analysis of Woodpecker Response During Pecking Using a Two-Dimensional Computational Model.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Numerous head injury models exist that vary in mesh density by orders of magnitude. A careful study of the mesh convergence behavior is necessary, especially in terms of strain most relevant to brain injury. To this end, as well as to investigate the effect of element integration scheme on simulated strains, we re-meshed the Worcester Head Injury Model at five mesh densities (~ 7.2-1000 k high-quality hexahedral elements of the brain). Results from explicit dynamic simulations of three cadaveric impacts and an in vivo head rotation were compared. First, scalar metrics of the whole brain only considering magnitude were used, including peak maximum principal strain and population-based median strain. They were further extended to deep white matter regions and the entire brain elements, respectively, to form two "response vectors" to account for both magnitude and distribution. Using benchmark enhanced full-integration elements (C3D8I), a minimum of 202.8 k brain elements were necessary to converge for response vectors of the deep white matter regions. This model was further used to simulate with reduced integration (C3D8R). We found that hourglass energy higher than the common rule of thumb (e.g., up to 44.38% vs. < 10% of internal energy) was necessary to maintain comparable strain relative to C3D8I. Based on these results, it is recommended that a human head injury model should have a minimum number of 202.8 k elements, or an average element size of no larger than 1.8 mm, for the brain. C3D8R formulation with relax stiffness hourglass control using a high scaling factor is also recommended to achieve sufficient accuracy without substantial computational cost.
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